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Brain in a Vat

Brain in a Vat

By Brain in a Vat

Thought experiments and conversations with philosophers. Hosted by Dr Jason Werbeloff and Mark Oppenheimer.
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Is Your Gender Up to You? | Shaun Stanley

Brain in a VatSep 26, 2022

00:00
51:14
Immigration and Borders | Stephen Kershnar

Immigration and Borders | Stephen Kershnar

Featuring Stephen Kershnar, we discuss the complexities of immigration ethics, the rights to immigrate, and the morality of borders, keeping in mind debates around wealth, exclusion, and property rights.

Stephen considers consequentialist and deontological perspectives in immigration policies, the notion of collective versus individual rights, and the philosophical implications on national identity and personal liberty. 

 

00:00 Introduction and Guest Welcome

00:16 Discussion on Immigration

01:05 Thought Experiment on Immigration

02:57 Debate on Collective Ownership and Immigration

04:23 Exploring the Rights of Immigrants

04:34 Dilemma of Immigration in a Private Island Scenario

05:03 Debate on the Right to Life and Immigration

08:28 Discussion on Collective Decision Making

10:22 Exploring the Concept of Citizenship

11:18 Debate on Collective Ownership of a Country

20:09 Discussion on the Consequences of Immigration

27:46 Debate on National Self Interest and Immigration

34:39 Exploring the Concept of Citizenship

35:48 Analogies and Disanalogies in Citizenship

36:38 Consequences of Citizenship Revocation

37:34 Consequentialist Discussion on Immigration

39:15 The Utility of Immigration

41:46 The Right to Evict: A Discussion

42:01 The Case of Refugees and Birthright Citizenship

46:16 The Consequences of Open Borders

48:32 The Impact of Immigration on Population Growth

01:00:08 The Dilemma of Local Control and Freedom of Movement

01:06:42 The Value of Collective Property in Immigration

Mar 24, 202401:07:37
Cascading Catastrophic Risks | Trond Undheim

Cascading Catastrophic Risks | Trond Undheim

Trond Undheim delves into catastrophic risks facing humanity, including climate change, governance breakdown, and technological threats.

 

Through discussions of risk perception, effective planning versus worry, and the complexities of managing existential threats, Trond emphasizes the importance of preparing and adapting for uncertain futures.

 

How should we think about potential future crises, the role of technology in exacerbating or mitigating risks, and the moral obligations of contemporary society to future generations?

 

00:00 Introduction and Guest Presentation

00:08 Imagining the World in 2075

00:26 The Impact of World Conflicts and Climate Change

01:03 The Rise of Organized Crime and Economic Divide

02:08 The Future of Medical Technologies and Lifespan

02:54 Reflections on the Turning Point of the Century

04:14 Understanding Risk and Worry

04:53 The Role of Planning and Thriving in Risk Management

06:35 The Potential of Giga Projects and Modular Solutions

07:40 The Dilemma of Investing in Uncertain Events

08:41 The Existential Risk of Asteroid Collision

11:27 The Responsibility of Future Generations

13:49 The Complexity of Catastrophic Risk

22:13 The Potential Risks by 2075

46:01 The Role of Community in Risk Mitigation

47:41 The Challenge of Collective Action in Preventing Catastrophe

53:25 Conclusion: The Importance of Good Intent in Systemic Understanding


Mar 17, 202454:41
The Ethics of Political Commemoration | Hans Gutbrod

The Ethics of Political Commemoration | Hans Gutbrod

In this episode of 'Brain In A Vat', Hans Gutbrod addresses the gap in philosophy in understanding the ethics around statues, street names, and museums.
By drawing parallels to just war theory, Gutbrod proposes a framework to navigate the complexities of commemorating historical figures and events. The discussion also touches upon the potential for altering commemorative symbols to preserve memory while adapting their messages.
This episode probes the moral and aesthetic considerations of how societies remember their past.
00:00 Introduction and Thought Experiment
01:31 The Gap in Philosophy and Ethics
02:47 The Ethics of Representations of the Past
03:19 The Role of Metaphysics in Commemoration
03:48 The Influence of History and Philosophy on Commemoration
04:42 The Impact of Statues and Memorials on Public Perception
06:30 The Ethics of Political Commemoration
09:38 The Criteria for Erecting and Keeping Statues
10:36 The Role of Intent in Commemoration
12:11 The Role of Empirical Research in Commemoration
13:17 The Challenges of Commemorating the Past
15:05 The Complexity of Commemoration
19:04 The Scope and Vagueness of Commemoration
21:54 The Role of Conversation in Commemoration
26:38 The Role of Vagueness in Commemoration
28:05 The Complexity of Erecting Statues
28:32 Perspectives from the Caucasus
28:58 Reframing the Debate: The Case of Georgia
30:00 Street Names and Shadows of the Past
30:57 The Role of Art in Commemoration
31:43 The Sackler Controversy and the Power of Art
32:40 The Value of Preservation and Enriching Debate
33:06 The Risk of Over-Inclusivity
33:29 The Osama Bin Laden Hypothetical
34:54 Addressing the Vagueness Problem
36:20 The Ethics of Political Commemoration
37:56 The Challenge of Deciding on Statues
41:30 The Power of Artistic Alteration
45:53 The Holocaust Memorial in Berlin: A Case Study
53:12 The Role of Aesthetics in Commemoration
55:31 The Personal Engagement with Commemoration

Mar 10, 202456:51
Facial Distortions and Prosopometamorphopsia | Brad Duchaine

Facial Distortions and Prosopometamorphopsia | Brad Duchaine

In this special episode of Brain in a Vat, Brad Duchaine from the Psychological and Brain Sciences Department at Dartmouth discusses prosopometamorphopsia (PMO) – a condition where individuals see distorted faces.

The episode explores various manifestations of PMO, including seeing demonic features, dragons, or entirely different faces, and distinguishes it from prosopagnosia (face blindness). It delves into the neurological basis of PMO, touching upon structural and functional differences in the brains of those affected.

We discuss the significant impact PMO and prosopagnosia have on individuals' social interactions and quality of life, as well as potential management techniques such as using glasses or colored lights to reduce distortions.

 

00:00 Introduction and Guest Presentation

00:20 Exploring the Case of Face Distortion

03:19 Understanding the Nature of Distortions

05:49 Comparing Prosopagnosia and PMO

07:17 The Role of Visual System in Face Recognition

10:01 Impact of Face Recognition on Social Interactions

14:16 The Spectrum of Face Recognition Abilities

16:20 The Role of AI and Hallucinations in Face Recognition

23:48 Understanding the Diagnosis of Face Recognition Disorders

30:20 Understanding Prosopagnosia: Prevalence and Characteristics

31:59 The Mystery of PMO: Prevalence and Need for More Research

32:46 Exploring the Impact of Prosopagnosia and PMO on Social and Sexual Relationships

33:23 The Intersection of PMO and Other Psychiatric Conditions

37:03 The Struggles and Challenges of Living with Prosopagnosia and PMO

41:02 Potential Treatments and Coping Mechanisms for PMO

51:22 The Neurological Basis of PMO and Prosopagnosia

54:51 Testing and Characterizing PMO: A Deep Dive into Research Methods

59:54 Understanding the Perception and Processing of Faces in PMO

Mar 03, 202401:01:22
Pornography and Free Speech | Nadine Strossen and Holly Lawford-Smith

Pornography and Free Speech | Nadine Strossen and Holly Lawford-Smith

We welcome back Nadine Strossen for a comprehensive discussion about pornography and free speech. She highlights points from her re-released book 'Defending Pornography', explaining why she supports the freedom of sexual expression. Her thought experiment is about a respected academic who makes adult videos, raising questions about personal freedom, professional reputability, and potential harm to his university. She also explores the complex relationship between pornography, liberty, and equality, emphasizing that context matters when considering whether freedom of speech overrides other concerns. The conversation also touches on whether pornography subordinates women, Nadine underlines that she defends the right to pornography not because she is an aficionado, but because she believes in individual choices.
(00:00) Introduction and Guest Presentation(00:37) Understanding Pornography and Free Speech(02:00) Controversies Surrounding Pornography(02:12) Case Study: Provost's Scandal(03:22) Debate on the Provost's Case(03:54) Exploring the Concept of Academic Freedom(05:10) Counter Argument: The Question of Judgment(06:43) The Impact of Sexual Taboos(07:30) The Role of the American Association of University Professors(08:16) Discussion on the Provost's First Amendment Claim(12:12) The Shift in Pornography Production(17:58) The Debate on Virtual Child Pornography(27:14) The Feminist Perspective on Pornography(40:13) Understanding the Real Case of Subordination(40:29) The Role of Subordination in Fantasy and Pornography(41:05) The Radical Feminist Anti-Pornography Movement(41:56) Analyzing Media and Subordinating Imagery(42:45) The Impact of Subordinating Imagery(42:59) The Irony of Anti-Pornography Activism(43:58) The Controversy of Subordinating Images in Public Spaces(45:05) The Role of Pornography in Society(46:15) The Popularity and Impact of Pornography(47:31) The Positive Benefits of Pornography(48:30) Balancing Liberty and Equality in Free Speech(55:02) The Intersection of Hate Speech and Pornography(01:00:02) The Egalitarian Nature of Pornography(01:05:48) The Controversy of Being a 'Minority Intellectual Dissident'
Feb 25, 202401:13:03
Unravelling “White Privilege” | Spencer Case

Unravelling “White Privilege” | Spencer Case

Can the definition of privilege be nuanced enough to address the broad range of individual experiences and historical contexts? Does recognizing and discussing privilege lead to meaningful social change? Or does talk of privilege oversimplify complex issues?

Feb 18, 202401:00:30
The Privacy Paradox | David Boonin

The Privacy Paradox | David Boonin

Is observing people in a public space from the privacy of your home an infringement of their rights? Can the widespread use of CCTV cameras be justified, or does it violate their privacy? And how do technological developments affect the delicate balance between safety and privacy?

Feb 11, 202401:00:36
Dissecting Morality: Error Theory | Matt Lutz

Dissecting Morality: Error Theory | Matt Lutz

What if our understanding of morality is fundamentally flawed? Should the absence of objective moral facts alter the way we live and interact? Is the structure of our society dependent on moral beliefs, or are these just a result of individual desires and social evolution?

Feb 04, 202401:01:50
The Morality Maze | Spencer Case

The Morality Maze | Spencer Case

Is morality real, a social construct, or non-existent? Can we rely on our moral intuitions? And are moral truths inaccessible to us?

Jan 28, 202458:06
Why Israel's Response to Hamas Was Justified | Natasha Hausdorff
Jan 21, 202451:57
The Trouble with Gender | Alex Byrne
Jan 14, 202457:44
John Rawls: Justice as Fairness | Paul Weithman (Rebroadcast)

John Rawls: Justice as Fairness | Paul Weithman (Rebroadcast)

John Rawls is widely regarded as the greatest modern liberal philosopher. Does his theory of justice lead to a fair society?

Jan 07, 202457:08
Near-Death Experiences | John Martin Fischer (Rebroadcast)

Near-Death Experiences | John Martin Fischer (Rebroadcast)

Is there life after death? Are near-death experiences meaningful? Are they similar to other altered states like meditation and drug-induced hallucinations?

Dec 31, 202301:04:58
How To End Global Poverty | Andy Kuper (Rebroadcast)
Dec 24, 202356:43
Evolutionary Psychology | Justin Garson (Rebroadcast)
Dec 17, 202353:39
 Trans women in sport: Is it fair? | Stephen Kershnar (Rebroadcast)

Trans women in sport: Is it fair? | Stephen Kershnar (Rebroadcast)

Lia Thomas, a trans woman, has sparked controversy by competing in and winning women’s collegiate swimming events. Should Thomas and other trans athletes be allowed to compete in the gendered competition of their choice?

Dec 10, 202301:13:60
David Chalmers on Virtual Reality and The Simulation Argument (Rebroadcast)

David Chalmers on Virtual Reality and The Simulation Argument (Rebroadcast)

Could you be a brain in a vat, or be living in a simulated or virtual reality? Could you live a meaningful, valuable existence even if you were?

Dec 03, 202301:03:17
Freedom | Ernst Roets and Martin Van Staaden

Freedom | Ernst Roets and Martin Van Staaden

Does the State protect or curtail freedom? Are communities more important than individuals? Should freedom be constrained by virtue?

Nov 26, 202301:34:28
The Philosophy of Black Mirror's White Bear | Rebecca Tuvel

The Philosophy of Black Mirror's White Bear | Rebecca Tuvel

Black Mirror's episode, White Bear, is full of interesting philosophical problems. Are you still responsible for a crime you committed even if you've lost your memory of that crime? Do you persist through time despite amnesia? And what are the limits of justified punishment for horrendous crimes?

Nov 19, 202353:33
Why you should stop eating meat | Mylan Engel

Why you should stop eating meat | Mylan Engel

Do your current moral values require you to stop eating meat? Will going vegan actually prevent animal cruelty? Is the vegan movement a force for good?

Nov 12, 202357:60
David Benatar on the Israel Palestine Conflict

David Benatar on the Israel Palestine Conflict

Are Jews entitled to their own homeland?  Is the Israeli response to the massacre of civilians perpetrated by Hammas on October 7th justified? Should there be a ceasefire? 

David's Article in Quillette: https://quillette.com/2023/10/21/its-not-the-occupation/ 


Raja Halwani wrote to us about Jason's exposition of his view at 38:50. Here is Raja's clarification:

**I wanted to clarify a point that Jason made during the interview with David Benatar. Jason asked Benatar what he thought of the view that “the view is that the Gazans are an oppressed people. They’ve been oppressed for so long that they’ve acted out of desperation. And there’s only two options that they have.” Jason goes on to say that I have defended the view that “the Gazans are an oppressed people who only have two options. The one option is to die and the other option is to attack, to attack Israel in order to secure some sort of freedom. Those are its only two options. And so ... Raja takes the view that if Hamas were to lay down its arms, then it’s just a slow death for the Gazans. That’s, that would be the future of Gaza.”

However, I did not make this claim about having only two options, nor would I, because it reads as a justification of killing civilians, especially given the context of the Hamas attacks of October 7 (and other attacks against Israelis). It reads as a justification because if death is one of only two options, then the second, to attack, seems permissible. The last sentence in Jason’s question, about Hamas laying down its arms, seems to especially imply this (though Jason did not intend to make me come out as justifying Hamas’s actions).

Jason attributes this view to me based on something I wrote in my blog (as he explained to me in personal correspondence). Here is the specific passage on which Jason bases his attribution:

People are quick to condemn Hamas for the evil that it has wrought, but they are as quick to neglect that Hamas acts out of sheer desperation, out of the sheer desire, no matter how steep the price, to score a victory against Israel, a country whose military might not even its prime ministers fully comprehend, and out of the sheer hopelessness of the slow death that their people has been dying. Although to explain this is not to justify it, I also ask the reader: What options do the Palestinians have? What do you advise them to do? Their lives are going nowhere. Peace initiative after peace initiative has failed them (and, to add insult to injury, they are blamed for the failure). No Palestinian state has emerged, and none is likely to given the current map (just look and see whether a state can be built out of the Swiss cheese that is the West Bank). Their tunnel has been long and with no light at its end. So what should they do? They ought to sit still and “take it like a man.” To suck it up. To bear the unfair burden of history. We have to tell them, “Misfortune has fallen upon you, and you may not extricate yourselves from it by killing civilians. Even as you yourselves die, slowly, surely, with no justification, and with barely an explanation, you may not take the lives of the civilians of your enemy. This is the noble way.”

Clearly, the passage is a bitter one about Palestinian loss and oppression, but it is as clearly morally ruling out the option of killing civilians. So even though Hamas might take up arms against civilians, this is not a morally viable options for Gazans or Palestinians in general. Hence, insofar as Jason’s question attributes to me a justification of attacks on civilians, this clarification should clarify that this is not my position.**

Nov 06, 202359:21
The Ethics of Killing in War | Jeff McMahan (Rebroadcast)
Oct 29, 202358:01
Pornography and Exploitation | Holly Lawford-Smith

Pornography and Exploitation | Holly Lawford-Smith

Are women generally exploited in pornography? Even in cases where women report that their pornography career is empowering, have they nevertheless been degraded? And if heterosexual pornography undermines women’s dignity, is this true of gay male pornography too?

Oct 23, 202301:03:14
Organ Markets | James Stacey Taylor

Organ Markets | James Stacey Taylor

Should we be allowed to sell our organs on the open market?  Would the poor be exploited under such a system? And does organ donation impose an unfair burden on the relatives of those that need a transplant?

Oct 15, 202301:13:57
Is Monogamy Wrong? | Harry Chalmers

Is Monogamy Wrong? | Harry Chalmers

Is the restriction on having additional sexual or romantic partners similar to the restriction on having additional friends? Should you allow your partner to be free to pursue other partners? And are we able to overcome the jealousy associated with non-monogamy? 

Oct 08, 202357:27
The Philosophy of Infinity Pool | Travis Timmerman

The Philosophy of Infinity Pool | Travis Timmerman

Does the clone of a murderer deserve to be punished? Is the clone with the murderer’s memories and dispositions guilty of the murder? And has justice been served if the clone is punished, even if the original murderer goes free?

Oct 01, 202357:49
Oppenheimers on Barbenheimer

Oppenheimers on Barbenheimer

Was dropping the bomb on Hiroshima justified? Is Ken the real star of Barbie? Three Oppenheimers weigh in on the film event of the year. Presenters: Mark Oppenheimer and Jason Werbeloff Editor and Producer: Jimmy Mullen and Porter Kaufman Brain in a Vat bookshop (Shopify): https://smarturl.it/BrainShop Brain in a Vat bookshop (Amazon): https://smarturl.it/BrainAmazonShop Contact us: Mark.Oppenheimer[at]gmail and Jwerbe[at]gmail

Sep 24, 202355:38
Stephen Kershnar on Cultural Appropriation

Stephen Kershnar on Cultural Appropriation

Is it permissible for members of one group to appropriate the cultural practices of another? Is there anything wrong with cultural appropriation at all, or are there benefits to cultural appropriation?

Sep 17, 202351:43
Sex work or prostitution? | Lori Watson

Sex work or prostitution? | Lori Watson

Is sex work actually work? Is prostitution always a form of exploitation? And show we legalize or decriminalize prostitution?

Sep 10, 202358:53
The Islam-Atheism Debate: Behind the Curtain

The Islam-Atheism Debate: Behind the Curtain

Recently, Eron Fasser and Mark Oppenheimer debated Hamza Tzortzis and Mohammed Hijab on whether Atheism or is Islam more rational. This episode discusses the arguments made and strategies employed by both sides. Were Hamza and Mohammed arguing in good faith? Or were they trying to derail a debate they were clearly losing?

Sep 03, 202301:07:11
Death | Travis Timmerman
Aug 27, 202356:37
Luck and Knowledge | Mylan Engel

Luck and Knowledge | Mylan Engel

What is knowledge? Does a justified true belief count as knowledge? And is our knowledge lucky?

Aug 20, 202358:04
Who was Derek Parfit? | David Edmonds

Who was Derek Parfit? | David Edmonds

Parfit altered the landscape of the philosophy of identity. We speak to David Edmonds about his recently released biography on this influential philosopher, and ask: what made Parfit the man he was?

Aug 13, 202354:45
Is Islam more rational than Atheism? | Eron Fasser, Mohammed Hijab, Mark Oppenheimer, Hamza Tzortzis

Is Islam more rational than Atheism? | Eron Fasser, Mohammed Hijab, Mark Oppenheimer, Hamza Tzortzis

A debate held at the University of Johannesburg. Does God Exist? How can something come from nothing? Are God's commands moral?

Aug 06, 202302:07:51
Imagine There’s No Gender | Holly Lawford-Smith (with Raja Halwani)

Imagine There’s No Gender | Holly Lawford-Smith (with Raja Halwani)

Would the world be better if we didn’t recognize genders?


In such a world, there would be males and females, but nothing associated with what it means to be male or female other than biological facts. Men and women would be equally likely to be social leaders. And there would be no stereotypically male or female behavior.


In this world, there’d be true sex equality, and, it seems, no need for trans activists. Should we fight for such a world?

Jul 30, 202356:19
Hate Speech | Mark Oppenheimer (Live at St Andrews)

Hate Speech | Mark Oppenheimer (Live at St Andrews)

Mark Oppenheimer presents a live seminar at St Andrews. The talk features footage from a prominent hate speech trial that Mark appeared in as a lawyer. What is hate speech? What is the value of free speech? Do some groups deserve special protection against hate speech? Presenters: Mark Oppenheimer and Jason Werbeloff Editor and Producer: Jimmy Mullen and Porter Kaufman Brain in a Vat bookshop (Shopify): https://smarturl.it/BrainShop Brain in a Vat bookshop (Amazon): https://smarturl.it/BrainAmazonShop Contact us: Mark.Oppenheimer[at]gmail and Jwerbe[at]gmail

Jul 23, 202337:18
What is a woman? | Alex Byrne

What is a woman? | Alex Byrne

Oxford University Press refused to publish Alex Byrne's book on gender. We discuss whether women are adult human females and whether sex is the same as gender. Presenters: Mark Oppenheimer and Jason Werbeloff Editor and Producer: Jimmy Mullen and Porter Kaufman Brain in a Vat bookshop (Shopify): https://smarturl.it/BrainShop Brain in a Vat bookshop (Amazon): https://smarturl.it/BrainAmazonShop

Jul 16, 202301:01:59
Is Grieving Good for You? | Michael Cholbi
Jul 09, 202350:54
The Supreme Court Ban on Affirmative Action | David Benatar

The Supreme Court Ban on Affirmative Action | David Benatar

Should we implement affirmative action when determining which students are admitted to universities? Should affirmative action be based on race or socio-economic status? Is diversity important when deciding on university admissions? And should we think about race and gender in the same way when considering affirmative action? Presenters: Mark Oppenheimer and Jason Werbeloff Editor and Producer: Jimmy Mullen and Porter Kaufman Brain in a Vat bookshop (Shopify): https://smarturl.it/BrainShop Brain in a Vat bookshop (Amazon): https://smarturl.it/BrainAmazonShop

Jul 02, 202301:03:16
Self-driving Cars and the Apocalypse | Ryan Jenkins (with Stephen Kershnar)

Self-driving Cars and the Apocalypse | Ryan Jenkins (with Stephen Kershnar)

As technology improves, ethical problems deepen too. Flying cars and ChatGPT are convenient, but may benefit some at the cost of harming others. Is the future convenient and full of promise, or should we fear a dystopian apocalypse?

Jun 25, 202301:02:46
Animal Ethics | Thad Metz
Jun 18, 202349:20
Will there be peace in the middle east? | Raja Halwani

Will there be peace in the middle east? | Raja Halwani

Is a two state solution desirable to resolve the Arab Israeli conflict? Does Israel have the right to be a Jewish state? Do other states have an obligation to help resolve the conflict?

Jun 11, 202351:04
Friendship is Magic | Samuel Kimbriel

Friendship is Magic | Samuel Kimbriel

Are human beings social creatures? Do social groups have an important role to play in political life? Can hermits lead meaningful lives?

Jun 04, 202301:06:08
Anonymous Publishing | Ivar Hardman

Anonymous Publishing | Ivar Hardman

Are some ideas too controversial to publish in your own name? Is it cowardly to use a pseudonym?  Does the journal for controversial ideas ghettoize important topics?

May 28, 202353:20
Thought Experiments | Spencer Case

Thought Experiments | Spencer Case

Presenters: Mark Oppenheimer and Jason Werbeloff Editor and Producer: Jimmy Mullen and Porter Kaufman Brain in a Vat bookshop (Shopify): https://smarturl.it/BrainShop Brain in a Vat bookshop (Amazon): https://smarturl.it/BrainAmazonShop

May 21, 202301:15:10
Conserving Monuments | Dan Demetriou

Conserving Monuments | Dan Demetriou

Should we preserve monuments, even if they offend us? Do we have a right to call for monuments to be removed in other countries? Does Ghengis Khan deserve a monument?

May 14, 202356:48
Why Americans Don't Owe Veterans Gratitude | Stephen Kershnar (with Spencer Case)

Why Americans Don't Owe Veterans Gratitude | Stephen Kershnar (with Spencer Case)

Traditionally, we celebrate American soldiers with strong displays of gratitude, including national holidays and monuments. But is this gratitude warranted? Stephen Kershnar thinks not: we should be no more grateful to veterans than to farmers or loggers.

May 07, 202358:43
Procreative Ethics | Rivka Weinberg

Procreative Ethics | Rivka Weinberg

Is it wrong to bring new life into the world? Is adopting a child a moral obligation? Is parenting meaningful? 

Apr 30, 202301:02:40
Anti-Semitism | Mark Oppenheimer

Anti-Semitism | Mark Oppenheimer

What do anti-semites and ultra orthodox Jews have in common? How did the ivy league discriminate against Jews? Is America still a safe haven for Jews? 

Apr 23, 202301:04:08
Ultimate Meaning | Rivka Weinberg

Ultimate Meaning | Rivka Weinberg

Is it possible for us to lead meaningful lives? Is there an ultimate point to our existence? Can we enrich our lives with the pursuit of love, knowledge and friendship? 

Apr 16, 202351:03