E-VEDA 8

Amlapitta is a commonly encountered disease of gastrointestinal system described in various classical Ayurvedic texts. Here is the Ayurveda explanation of Amlapitta. Amlapitta is know as gastritis in modern medicine.

Ayurveda is a philosophy of life. In Ayurveda, before mentioning the cure for diseases and medicines, it has given all the facts necessary to avoid diseases and lead a healthy lifestyle.

The most important part of these is behavior patterns. That is to say, the facts that help to lead a healthy life are clearly stated in the Ayurvedic books regarding the daily routine, night routine, seasonal routine etc. Many diseases can be prevented by incorporating these health habits into our lifestyle. In this series of podcasts, we hope to discuss some of the more practical ones.

Ayurveda is a philosophy of life. In Ayurveda, before mentioning the cure for diseases and medicines, it has given all the facts necessary to avoid diseases and lead a healthy lifestyle.

The most important part of these is behavior patterns. That is to say, the facts that help to lead a healthy life are clearly stated in the Ayurvedic books regarding the daily routine, night routine, seasonal routine etc. Many diseases can be prevented by incorporating these health habits into our lifestyle. In this series of podcasts, we hope to discuss some of the more practical ones.

This has been approved by the Ayurvedic Medicines Corporation of Sri Lanka. It promotes the natural development of the human immune system.

Stridor is a high-pitched, wheezing sound caused by disrupted airflow. Stridor may also be called musical breathing or extrathoracic airway  obstruction. Airflow is usually disrupted by a blockage in the larynx  (voice box) or trachea (windpipe).

Rhonchi are continuous low pitched, rattling lung sounds that often resemble snoring. Obstruction or secretions in larger airways are frequent causes of rhonchi. They can be heard in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, or cystic fibrosis.

The classic wheeze may be referred to as “sibilant wheeze.” This refers to the high-pitched whistle-like sound heard during expiration, typically in the setting of asthma, as air moves through a narrow or obstructed airway.

t is intermediate between bronchial and vescicular breathing.  It has intermediate intensity and pitch with same duration of  inspiratory and expiratory phase. It is normally heard anteriorly over 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces and between scapulae posteriorly.

Vesicular sounds are soft, blowing, or rustling sounds normally heard throughout most of the lung fields. Vesicular sounds are normally heard throughout inspiration, continue without pause  through expiration, and then fade away about one third of the way  through expiration.

Breath sounds heard close to large air passages have a louder and longer  expiratory phase and their energy components extend over a broad  frequency range (

Aortic stenosis (AS) is narrowing of the aortic valve, obstructing blood  flow from the left ventricle to the ascending aorta during systole.  Causes include a congenital bicuspid valve, idiopathic degenerative  sclerosis with calcification, and rheumatic fever. Untreated AS  progresses to become symptomatic with one or more of the classic triad  of syncope, angina, and exertional dyspnea; heart failure and  arrhythmias may develop.

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is incompetency of the aortic valve causing  backflow from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Causes  include valvular degeneration and aortic root dilation (with or without a  bicuspid valve), rheumatic fever, endocarditis, myxomatous  degeneration, aortic root dissection, and connective tissue (eg, Marfan  syndrome) or rheumatologic disorders. Symptoms include exertional  dyspnea, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, palpitations, and  chest pain.

Mitral valve prolapse occurs when the flaps (leaflets) of the heart's  mitral valve bulge (prolapse) like a parachute into the heart's left  upper chamber (left atrium) as the heart contracts. In most people, mitral valve prolapse isn't life-threatening and doesn't  require treatment or changes in lifestyle. Some people with mitral  valve prolapse, however, require treatment. Mitral valve prolapse sometimes leads to blood leaking  backward into the left atrium, a condition called mitral valve  regurgitation.

Symptoms may include:

• A racing or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, often during physical activity or when lying flat
• Fatigue

The fourth heart sound, also known as the “atrial gallop,” occurs  just before S1 when the atria contract to force blood into the LV. If  the LV is noncompliant, and atrial contraction forces blood through the  atrioventricular valves, a S4 is produced by the blood striking the LV. 

A S4 heart sound occurs during active LV filling when atrial contraction forces blood into a noncompliant LV. A S4 heart sound is often a sign of diastolic HF, and it is rarely a normal finding (unlike a S3).

S4 – “atrial gallop”

• Occurs in late diastole
• Occurs during active LV filling
• Almost always abnormal
• Requires a noncompliant LV
• Can be a sign of diastolic congestive HF

The third heart sound, also known as the “ventricular gallop,” occurs  just after S2 when the mitral valve opens, allowing passive filling of  the left ventricle. The S3 sound is actually produced by the large  amount of blood striking a very compliant LV.

A S3 heart sound is produced during passive left ventricular filling when blood strikes a compliant LV. If the LV is not overly compliant, as is in most adults, a S3 will not  be loud enough to be auscultated. A S3 can be a normal finding in  children, pregnant females and well-trained athletes; A S3 heart sound is often a sign of systolic heart failure, however it may sometimes be a normal finding.

S3 – “ventricular gallop”

• Occurs in early diastole
• Occurs during passive LV filling
• May be normal at times
• Requires a very compliant LV
• Can be a sign of systolic congestive HF

Normally, A2 occurs just before P2, and the combination of these sounds  make up S2. A physiologic split S2 occurs when the A2 sound precedes P2  by a great enough distance to allow both sounds to be heard separately.

The M1 sound occurs slightly before T1. Because the mitral and tricuspid  valves normally close almost simultaneously, only a single heart sound  is usually heard. However, in about 40% to 70% of normal individuals. A split S1 sound is common in the setting of a right bundle branch block  or ventricular tachycardia/premature ventricular contractions, or PVCs,  with a right bundle branch block morphology.

The main normal heart sounds are the S1 and the S2 heart sound. The S3 can be normal, at times, but may be pathological. The first heart sound (S1) results from the closing of the mitral and tricuspid valves. The sound produced by the closure of the mitral valve is termed M1, and  the sound produced by closure of the tricuspid valve is termed T1. The  M1 sound is much louder than the T1 sound due to higher pressures in the  left side of the heart; thus, M1 radiates to all cardiac listening  posts (loudest at the apex), and T1 is usually only heard at the left  lower sternal border. This makes the M1 sound the main component of S1.

The second heart sound is produced by the closure of the aortic and  pulmonic valves. The sound produced by the closure of the aortic valve  is termed A2, and the sound produced by the closure of the pulmonic  valve is termed P2. The A2 sound is normally much louder than the P2 due to higher pressures in the left side of the heart

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