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The Wanderer Anglo Saxon History, mythology, and religion

The Wanderer Anglo Saxon History, mythology, and religion

By Frank Docherty

The Wanderer. This is a podcast for Anglo-Saxon Heathenism, history and mythology. We will discuss subjects such as Yggdrasil, the world tree, the Anglo Saxon Runes, The people who were alive at the time when Heathenism was the only religion open to them, how the people worshipped their gods, and which gods were most popular to different sections of Anglo Saxon Society.
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The Wanderer Anglo Saxon History, mythology, and religion Nov 03, 2021

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07:51
Anglo Saxon Folklore and the Werewolf

Anglo Saxon Folklore and the Werewolf

Anglo-Saxon folklore is rich with tales of supernatural beings and shape-shifting entities, though werewolves specifically were not as prominent as in other European cultures.

Instead, there was a focus on various mythical creatures, spirits, and magical beings. The Anglo-Saxons believed in shape-shifters and creatures capable of transforming into animals or other forms.

Witches and sorcerers were said to possess the ability to change shape, reflecting a belief in the supernatural and the mysterious forces of the world.

While werewolf legends may not feature prominently in Anglo-Saxon folklore, the broader themes of transformation and the existence of monstrous beings are present in their stories and beliefs.

Mar 21, 202424:52
The Anglo Saxon Spear

The Anglo Saxon Spear

The Anglo-Saxon spear was a crucial weapon in the arsenal of the Anglo-Saxon warriors during the early medieval period, particularly in England from the 5th to the 11th centuries. It was one of the primary weapons used by infantry soldiers, alongside swords, axes, and shields.

Key features of the Anglo-Saxon spear included:

  1. Design: The spear typically consisted of a wooden shaft, often around 6 to 9 feet in length, with a spearhead attached at one end. The spearhead could be made of iron or steel and was usually around 8 to 12 inches long. It could have a variety of shapes, including leaf-shaped, diamond-shaped, or socketed.

  2. Versatility: The spear was a versatile weapon, effective both in thrusting and throwing. In close combat, warriors would use the spear to thrust at opponents, aiming to penetrate armor or injure vital organs. At longer ranges, they could throw the spear at their enemies, either to disrupt enemy formations or to kill or injure opponents.

  3. Tactics: Anglo-Saxon warfare often involved shield walls, where soldiers would stand shoulder to shoulder with their shields raised, creating a defensive barrier. Spears were ideal weapons for use behind these shield walls, allowing warriors to thrust over or through the shields to attack enemy soldiers.

  4. Symbolism: Spears held significant cultural and symbolic importance in Anglo-Saxon society. They were often adorned with intricate designs or symbols, and their ownership and use could convey social status and prowess in battle.

  5. Evolution: Over time, the design and use of the spear evolved alongside changes in warfare and technology. As armor improved, spearheads became more specialized to penetrate armor, and shafts might have been reinforced for greater durability. Additionally, the introduction of cavalry and changes in battlefield tactics influenced how spears were used in combat.

Overall, the Anglo-Saxon spear played a crucial role in early medieval warfare, serving as a versatile and effective weapon for infantry soldiers in England and beyond.

Feb 16, 202415:59
Anglo Saxon Society

Anglo Saxon Society

England was one of the wealthiest kingdoms in Europe. This was due to successful farming and trade in the towns and villages. The king, his earls and Heathenry all profited from this through taxes.

The Anglo-Saxon community in England was basically a rural one. Most people depended on the land for survival. At the top of the social system was the royal house. This consisted of the king and aethelings who claimed a common ancestry with the king.


Jan 08, 202423:35
Anglo Saxon Werewolves and Pacts

Anglo Saxon Werewolves and Pacts

The werewolf is a creature of folklore and legend commonly referred to as a ‘man-wolf’ or ‘wolf-man’. Medieval superstition describes them as individuals transformed, or who can transform at will, into a wolf. In France the creature is called a loup-garou

In Anglo Saxon Folklore Werewolves were either protectors or villians, but this story breaches the gap between Humans and the Werewolf.

Nov 14, 202307:23
Anglo Saxon Martial Arts,

Anglo Saxon Martial Arts,

This episode is about Anglo Saxon Martial Arts.

The Shield Wall: A Formation of Resilience

The shield wall strategy stood as an emblem of Anglo-Saxon martial prowess. Warriors, united in purpose and armed with shields, formed an unyielding barrier against enemy assaults. The cohesion, discipline, and unbreakable spirit exhibited in the shield wall not only thwarted adversaries but also showcased the strength of their societal bonds.

B. Naval Warfare: Navigating the Waters of Battle

Anglo-Saxon martial arts extended beyond the shores to the realm of naval warfare. The technique of battle-boarding, involving the use of hooks to immobilize enemy vessels, underscored their resourcefulness and adaptability in confronting diverse challenges.

Nov 14, 202307:39
The Vampyre

The Vampyre

2 Beowulf, ll. (739-45)

The text reads:

“Nor did the creature keep him waiting / but strucked suddenly and started in; / he grabbed and mauled a man on his bench, / bit into his bone-lappings, bolted down his blood / and gorged on him in lumps, leaving the body / utterly lifeless, eaten up / hand and foot.”

Oct 06, 202308:22
The Witch

The Witch

The history of witchcraft is complex, and often raises more questions than it answers. Where did witches come from? And did they always arrive on broomsticks?

Among the most common uses for magic was for healing. Lacking any kind of organized medical care system, they pieced together charms and poultices to take care of the common health problems. But they also used charms to protect, both themselves and their belongings. Chief amongst their property was cattle. The Anglo-Saxon word for "cattle" (feoh) is the same as the word for "wealth" which shows how important cattle were. Charms also came in handy to enhance good luck and increase one's bounty.

By far, the largest group of charms are those which deal with healing. There were several steps involved in conjuring a successful charm. First it was necessary to figure out who the culprit was behind the illness or injury. One of the best ways to determine the creature causing the harm was to catalogue the symptoms that the patient suffered. Once the cause was identified, one would have to go out and gather the necessary materials, which could take anywhere from hours to days (and even months!). Once everything was prepared, the conjuror had to carefully recite the charm—pronunciation counts.


Oct 06, 202305:46
Anglo Saxon Gems and Jewellery

Anglo Saxon Gems and Jewellery

Archaeological sites such as Sutton Hoo have given us an insight to the historical information of the Anglo-Saxon period. Sutton Hoo is the site of two 6th and 7th century cemeteries near Woodbridge, Suffolk. It first began to be excavated in 1939, and was found to contain many Anglo-Saxon wonders, including an undisturbed ship burial. This site, among others, has given us an interesting insight into the life of Anglo-Saxon people, their customs, and of course their jewellery.

Anglo Saxon jewellery had motifs and themes so strong and unique that jewellery is still crafted in the same styles today. As we already know, the custom of wearing jewellery originates far back in history. The ancient Egyptians and Romans, both adorned themselves in rich bejewelled ornamentation, and the Anglo Saxons were no different. Comprising of many Germanic tribes, the Anglo Saxons inhabited Britain from the 5th century. Their customs, designs, and jewellery took inspiration both from their Roman predecessors and from Germanic art.

Oct 06, 202306:24
The Cannibal Giant

The Cannibal Giant

Monsters abound in Anglo-Saxon literature. One type of monster that shows up again and again is the cannibal. Heroes such as Beowulf and Andreas face humanoid monsters that threaten to literally consume their victims. This Monster is based on Grendel.


Sep 23, 202310:51
The Anglo Saxon Varangian Guard

The Anglo Saxon Varangian Guard

English in the Byzantine Armed Forces: The Varangian Guard and Anglo-Saxon Ethnic Consciousness

One of the most interesting episodes in Byzantine military history and in medieval English history is the Anglo-Saxon participation and service in the Varangian Guards regiment from the late 11th to the early 13th century. Byzantine army became increasingly dependent upon mercenary forces.

into service of the Byzantine Emperor were Anglo-Saxons, who eventually made up the main component of the traditional foreign mercenary force that guarded the person of the Emperor.



Sep 23, 202305:37
The Werewolf, An Anglo Saxon tale

The Werewolf, An Anglo Saxon tale

In the days of King Alfred the Great, when the moon was full and its pale light bathed the land in an eerie glow, a terror stalked the kingdom of Wessex. The people whispered tales of bloodthirsty creatures, half-human and half-beast, that roamed the countryside under the curse of the werewolf. As the legend grew, fear gripped the hearts of villagers, and they dreaded the coming of the full moon.

Aug 24, 202308:43
Swords of the Anglo Saxons

Swords of the Anglo Saxons

n the annals of history, the swords of the Anglo-Saxons stand as both artifacts of exquisite craftsmanship and vessels of profound symbolism. These blades, hailing from a time when metallurgy was an art form and weaponry held cultural significance, offer a gateway into the values, warfare techniques, and societal norms of the early Germanic tribes that inhabited England from the 5th to the 11th century. This exploration delves deep into the world of Anglo-Saxon swords, unearthing their typologies, construction techniques, and the roles they played in shaping the destiny of a people.

Aug 24, 202306:03
Mallorca

Mallorca

Medieval Mallorca1346Jaume Ferrer, Mallorcan navigator set sail on 10th August to sail along the coast of Africa to Senegal and, perhaps, even to Niger. His journey is depicted in the Catalan Atlas.
1348 Palma was devastated by one of the most virulent of all strains of the Black Death that erupted during the Middle Ages and there were more than 5,000 deaths in the town.1375The Catalan Atlas, one of the masterpieces of the Mallorcan School of Cartography1391The widening gap between the rich and the poor and the introduction of higher taxes brought dissatisfaction and the Jews who controlled a large share of the financial dealings in the town were blamed. On 2nd August, the Call - a road between Santa Eulària, the Temple and the Santa Clara Convent was attacked and set on fire. More than 300 Jews died.1403The Riera, the torrent that ran through the centre of Palma, along the site of the present day La Rambla and the Born was a constant threat to the city and periodic floods caused serious damage. In this, the worst flood on record, more than 5,000 people died and 1500 houses were destroyed after two days of torrential rain.1429 Clement VIII the last antipope, appointed Bishop of Mallorca. Persecution of the Jews.1450A revolt spread throughout the Island, the poor beyond the city blaming the rich townsfolk for their woes. There was an armed revolt and the city was surrounded; food and water supplies were cut. It was on the point of surrendering when Alfons V of Aragon despatched troops to deal with the rebellion. Reprisals were harsh and reverberated throughout the Island.1493There was a further outbreak of plague, which was known as Borg's plague or Pesta d'en Boga, as it was attributed to a sailor named Boga.

Aug 18, 202314:16
Mythology of the Anglo Saxons

Mythology of the Anglo Saxons

The Anglo-Saxons believed in supernatural creatures such as Elves and Dwarves and giants ("Etins") who often brought harm to men. It is likely that they believed in Wyrd (German "werden"), usually translated as "fate," although the modern term fate does little justice to the true meaning of Wyrd.

Being a Germanic people, the Anglo-Saxons worshiped the same gods as the Norse and other Germanic peoples. The names are slightly different due to the differences in language among the Germanic peoples. For example, Thunor of the Anglo-Saxons was the same god as Thor of the Norse and Donar of the Germans. Likewise,Woden of the Anglo-Saxons is the same as Odin among the Norse and Wotan of the Germans.


Aug 09, 202319:49
Eadric Streona (Traitor)

Eadric Streona (Traitor)

Eadric Streona(“The Acquisitor”) Eadric also spelled Edric, (died 1017), ealdorman of the Mercians, who, though a man of ignoble birth, was advanced to the revived office of ealdorman by the English king Ethelred II whose daughter Eadgyth Eadric married.

Little is known of Eadric’s origins. His appointment to the office of ealdorman in 1007 was probably an attempt by Ethelred to unite south-central England under one command. He is generally considered an arch traitor in the struggle between the English and the Danes for Soverignty over England. Although there are several records of his minor betrayals and instances of bad Counsel, Eadric committed his most Conspicuous act of treachery in 1015, when he sided with Canute against Edmund Ironside as Ethelred, Edmund’s father, lay dying. When at length peace was made, Canute restored to Eadric the earldom of Mercia; but at Christmas 1017, fearing further treachery, Canute had him slain.


Jul 18, 202309:40
Hel and her Kingdom

Hel and her Kingdom

Hel and her kingdom


In Germanic mythology, Hel is a figure associated with the realm of the dead, also known as Helheim. Hel is the daughter of the trickster god Loki and the giantess Angrboda. She is described as having a half-living, half-dead appearance, with one side of her body appearing normal and the other side being decaying or skeletal.

Helheim, or "Hel's realm," is one of the nine realms in Germanic mythology and is often depicted as an underworld or afterlife realm. It is a cold and desolate place where those who die of old age or illness are said to go. It is ruled over by Hel, who governs the realm and determines the fate of the deceased.

According to Germanic mythology, those who died honorably in battle were taken to Valhalla, a majestic hall in Asgard ruled by Woden. Meanwhile, those who died dishonorably or in a less glorious manner were sent to Helheim. It is important to note that Helheim is distinct from the Christian concept of Hell, as it is not a place of punishment for sinners but rather a neutral realm for the deceased.

Jul 01, 202316:24
Loki, Yggdrasil and the Fenris wolf

Loki, Yggdrasil and the Fenris wolf

I realise tat Loki isnt part of the Anglo Saxon Pantheon, but I felt is is only right to remember him when we can. The Fenris wolf is also a good subject to talk about, as ihe is one of the most destructive beings in the cosmos, and can bring about chaos.

The world tree, Yggdrasil is also an important part of Germanic mythology and goes through more than just Germanic Myths, It has also been compared to the the apple tree in the garden of Eden.

I hope you enjoy this episode.

Jun 01, 202312:27
Heathenry and Wyrd

Heathenry and Wyrd

Anglo-Saxon Heathenry, also known as Anglo-Saxon paganism or Anglo-Saxon polytheism, is a modern reconstructionist pagan religion that seeks to revive and reconstruct the pre-Christian spiritual beliefs and practices of the Anglo-Saxon people.

This form of Heathenry is based on the historical records of the Anglo-Saxons, including the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Beowulf, and other literary and archaeological sources. Its adherents seek to recreate the religious practices and beliefs of the Anglo-Saxons, including veneration of Germanic gods and goddesses such as Woden (Odin), Thunor (Thor), and Frige (Frigg), as well as ancestral veneration and other pagan customs and rituals.

Anglo-Saxon Heathenry places a strong emphasis on community, ancestry, and the interconnectedness of all things. Many practitioners also embrace environmentalism and seek to live in harmony with the natural world.

Like other forms of Heathenry, Anglo-Saxon Heathenry is a decentralized religion with no central authority or dogma. Its practitioners may differ in their beliefs and practices, and there is no one "correct" way to practice this faith.


Wyrd is a concept from Old English and Norse mythology that refers to the idea of fate or destiny. It is often depicted as a complex and interconnected web of events and actions that shape an individual's life and determine their ultimate fate.

In Germanic mythology, the Norns were the goddesses of fate who were responsible for weaving the threads of wyrd. They would spin and weave the threads of fate, and the length and strength of each thread would determine a person's life and destiny.

The concept of wyrd is also closely related to the idea of the "threefold law" in many pagan traditions, which suggests that whatever energy a person puts out into the world will come back to them threefold.

Today, the term wyrd is sometimes used in modern pagan and spiritual communities as a way to refer to the interconnectedness of all things and the idea that every action has consequences that ripple out through the web of existence.

Apr 21, 202311:14
Heathenry and Weregild

Heathenry and Weregild

Anglo-Saxon Heathenry and the future

Anglo-Saxon Heathenry, also known as Anglo-Saxon paganism, is a modern revivalist movement that seeks to reconstruct the religious and cultural practices of the pre-Christian Anglo-Saxon people. It is based on historical research and archaeological evidence, as well as personal experiences and spiritual insights.

As a modern religious movement, Anglo-Saxon Heathenry faces many challenges in the present and future. One of the main challenges is the lack of historical documentation and the difficulty of reconstructing an authentic practice based on limited information. Another challenge is the need to navigate cultural appropriation and respect the cultural heritage of the Anglo-Saxon people.

However, many Anglo-Saxon Heathens believe that their religion and culture have a valuable contribution to make to the modern world, particularly in terms of environmentalism and sustainability, community building, and personal spiritual growth. They seek to develop a practice that is grounded in the past but relevant to the present and future.

In terms of the future, the success of Anglo-Saxon Heathenry will depend on its ability to adapt to changing cultural and social contexts, engage with wider society in a positive and constructive way, and maintain a sense of continuity and authenticity within the tradition. It will also depend on the willingness of individuals and communities to continue exploring and evolving their spiritual practice while respecting the cultural heritage and values of the Anglo-Saxon people.

Weregild

Weregild, also spelt as wergild or wergeld, was a concept in early Germanic law and culture where a monetary value was placed on an individual's life or physical injury. The term "weregild" comes from the Old English "wer" meaning "man" or "person" and "gild" meaning "payment" or "tribute".

Under this system, if someone caused harm or injury to another person, they were required to pay a certain amount of compensation, or weregild, to the victim or their family. The amount of the weregild varied depending on the severity of the injury or the social status of the victim.

The concept of weregild was an important part of early Germanic law and was used to maintain social order and prevent feuds between families or clans. It was also seen as a way to provide justice for victims of crimes, as the payment of the weregild was intended to make up for the harm caused and restore the victim's honour.

Weregild was gradually phased out in the Middle Ages as feudalism became more established and the power of monarchs and nobles grew. However, the idea of compensation for harm caused remains an important part of many legal systems today.

Mar 16, 202311:14
The Anglo Saxon Sword and Shield

The Anglo Saxon Sword and Shield

The most famous Old English battle poem, The Battle of Maldon, commemorates a very different sort of conflict: a battle that took place in 991 during which the ealdorman of Essex, Byrhtnoth, allowed his ofermod (‘pride’ or ‘overconfidence’) to get the better of him. Byrhtnoth, the leader of his loyal veterans and local Anglo-Saxon troops, permitted a raiding Viking army to take up a position on land in preparation for battle. This resulted in both the heroic death of Byrhtnoth, and ultimately a valiant defeat for the English. Save for a few deserters, almost all of Byrthnoth’s men face death by his side, delivering a series of rousing speeches. The elderly warrior Byrhtwold faces his death by saying:

The mind must be the harder, the heart the keener
the spirit the greater, as our strength lessens.
Here lies our leader entirely cut down
our good leader upon the ground; may he always mourn
who thinks to turn now from this battle-play.

Mar 02, 202319:36
Fire Giants and a reading list

Fire Giants and a reading list

Muspelheim is a realm in Norse and Germanic mythology and is one of the Nine Worlds that make up the universe. It is located in the south and is often described as the world of fire. The name Muspelheim comes from the Old Norse words "mus" meaning "fire" and "pel" meaning "world".

In Norse and germanic mythology, Muspelheim is the land of the fire giants and was created by the primordial being, Surtr, who was said to have a flaming sword that he used to ignite the world. The realm is inhabited by fire giants, who were known for their ferocity and violence. They were often depicted as enemies of the gods, particularly during the final battle of Ragnarok, where they were said to play a major role in the destruction of the world.

Anglo-Saxon literature refers to the written works produced in England between the 5th and 11th centuries in the Old English language. It is a rich and diverse body of work that provides valuable insight into the culture, beliefs, and values of the Anglo-Saxons.

There are just a few of the many books that are available for those interested in Anglo-Saxon literature and culture. Whether you are a student, researcher, or simply a reader, there is a wealth of information available to help you explore and understand the rich heritage of the Anglo-Saxons.

Feb 10, 202312:49
Warriors and Valhalla

Warriors and Valhalla

In Anglo-Saxon mythology, Valhalla is a majestic, enormous hall located in Asgard, one of the Nine Realms. It is ruled over by the god Woden, and is the destination of the souls of warriors who die in battle, known as einherjar.

The einherjar is chosen by Woden and his valkyries, who are female figures who decide who shall live and who shall die in battle. The einherjar train in Valhalla during the day, fighting one another in preparation for Ragnarok, the end of the world when they will fight alongside the gods in the final battle against the giants and monsters.

Each evening, the einherjar dine in Valhalla on a great feast provided by the boar Sæhrímnir, which is cooked and served by the cook Andhrímnir, and then the einherjar return to their fighting, as the feast is consumed again each evening. They drink from the horn filled with mead which will never empty.

Valhalla is also depicted as being a very beautiful and grand hall, with a roof made of shields, a floor of polished spear points, and walls adorned with the banners of fallen warriors. Woden himself sits upon a throne called Hildskjalf, from which he can look out over the nine realms, and the warriors in Valhalla are attended to by a number of other deities and beings.

Valhalla is considered the most heroic and honourable death, where brave warriors can fight and feast every day, enjoying immortality and glory. It is a powerful symbol of the warrior culture of the ancient Anglo Saxon people and a representation of the importance of warfare in their society.

Jan 26, 202313:30
The Anglo Saxon Huscarls

The Anglo Saxon Huscarls

Founded by nut the great, the Danish ruler of England in the early 11th century, the Huscarls were modelled upon the Joms Vikings although new research has found that the Joms Vikings weren't as disciplined as was thought, and the Saga was probably embellished.

Cnut established them as a permanent body of professional warriors, They were 3000 strong. They attended the king and were maintained in 3 corps: two stationed around London, the third in the north near York. They were further divided into crews to man the 40 longships maintained from Canute onward, as a royal Navy. Thus the Huscarls formed a nucleus for any English national force, both on land and sea.

This was maintained by a special tax, on each “hide” of land. In later days, individual Huscarls were granted land of their own, which they lived upon and oversaw. Feudalism was spreading to England from the continent; and had the Norman Conquest not interrupted their evolution, in time the Huscarls would likely have assumed most aspects of the feudal chivalry found elsewhere; becoming England’s version of the Feudal knight.

Jan 10, 202309:15
Anglo Saxon Law

Anglo Saxon Law

Apart from high policy and legislation, the business of government lay with the local authority, and the local authority was the local assembly of freemen. The local unit was the tun or township, the village, the group of households whose members occupied the surrounding land and settled such of their affairs - as a required settlement in the town's meeting.

The townships were grouped in hundreds, a term which probably originated in days when the normal village contained ten households or thereabouts, and ten villages or thereabouts, making up approximately a hundred households, were grouped together for military purposes and for the common settlement of their affairs. Apart from high policy and legislation, the business of government lay with the local authority, and the local authority was the local assembly of freemen. The local unit was the tun or township, the village, the group of households whose members occupied the surrounding land and settled such of their affairs - as a required settlement in the town's meeting.

The townships were grouped in hundreds, a term which probably originated in days when the normal village contained ten households or thereabouts, and ten villages or thereabouts, making up approximately a hundred households, were grouped together for military purposes and for the common settlement of their affairs.

Administering justice
Justice was administered in these "folk moots" or popular meetings, each under the presidency of its reeve - town-reeve, hundred-reeve, or shire-reeve. Primarily it appears that the whole body was judged.

At a later stage, when the number of households in the hundred had very much in­creased, a kind of representation took the place of the general assembly of all freemen. The principal landholders were expected to attend and from each township the parish priest, the reeve, and the four "best men," as well as those who were personally concerned in any questions arising.

Judges and reeves
Further, it seems to have become customary for a sort of committee of twelve to act as judges in place of the whole body; and probably it is to this custom, already established by the time of Alfred, that we must attribute the tradition that Alfred himself invented Trial by Jury.

On the other hand, it is also likely, though not certain, that the prestige attaching to the person of the reeve of the court gave him a practical authority, which gradually made him in effect a superior magistrate; and that out of the jurisdiction thus acquired by him grew the jurisdiction of the lord of the manor.


Dec 29, 202214:04
Saxnot

Saxnot

Saxnot also appears in the Old Saxon Baptismal Vow of the 9th century alongside Woden and Thunear.
"I renounce all the deeds and words of the devil, Thunear, Wōden and Saxnōt, and all those fiends that are their companions."
Based on the date of the Baptismal Vow it appears that Saxnot remained an important deity to the Saxons.

Dec 28, 202203:19
The Theft of Miollnir

The Theft of Miollnir

The Theft of Mjolnir Thor's Hammer

Of all the strange Norse tales that survived, the theft of Mjolnir Thor's hammer must be the funniest and somehow awkward. Many questions might come to mind, like who dared to steal Mjolnir or how Thor retrieved Mjolnir back. This blog post on BaviPower would retell the story in the most concise way.

One day, Thor woke up from his bed and found out that there was something wrong in the cosmos, something that would definitely affect the destiny of all beings. His Mjolnir hammer was missing. He must have dug up the entirety of Asgard to search for Mjolnir but he could not see any trace of it. Thor quickly assumed that only Loki dared to think of this prank and off he went to find Loki. However, when Thor angrily asked Loki about Mjolnir, Loki insisted he didn't know where Thor put Mjolnir before, let alone steal it. Actually, Loki knew who the hammer thief was but he didn't constantly tell Thor because he got some plans.

Dec 01, 202212:20
The Building of the Citadel

The Building of the Citadel

The Fortification of Asgard

A certain smith arrived at Asgard one day and offered to build the gods a high wall around their home to protect them from any who might wish them ill. The smith (certainly a giant himself) said he could complete his work in a mere three seasons, but demanded a steep compensation: the hand of the goddess Freya in marriage, as well as the sun and moon.

The gods took counsel together. Freya was adamantly against the giant’s terms from the start. But Loki suggested that the builder should obtain that which he desired, although only if he could complete his work in a single winter, with no aid from anyone but his horse. After much deliberation, the gods consented to Loki’s plan. Of course, the gods had no intention of actually giving Freya away, nor the sun or the moon; they thought that the task they demanded was impossible.

Oct 26, 202208:49
The Two wives of Ragnar Lodbrok

The Two wives of Ragnar Lodbrok

Ragnar Lodbrok(Old Norse Ragnarr Loðbrók, also anglicized as Ragnar Lodbrok), whose epithet means 'Hairy-breeches' or 'Shaggy-breeches', was a legendary Viking king, with Old Norse sagas, poetry, and medieval Latin sources telling of his accomplishments in Scandinavia, Francia, and Anglo-Saxon England during the 9th century CE. Commonly occurring elements in these stories are his marriages to Thora and Aslaug, as well as his fathering of many famous sons including Ivar the boneless, Bjorn Ironside Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, Hvitserk, and Ubba. A possible third wife, Lagether, only appears in the 13th-century CE Gesta Danorum, a work on Danish history, as does a fourth, Swanloga.

Perhaps the most iconic titbits of his legend are Ragnar's successful fight with a dragon – for which he fashioned his defining shaggy breeches as protection – and his slightly overconfident invasion of England with just two ships, which ended with him being captured by King Ælla of Northumbria (r. c. 866 CE), who had him killed by throwing him into a snake-pit. Whereas Ragnar's own historicity is highly disputed, some of his alleged sons are often thought to have some basis in actual historical figures.

Sep 25, 202218:03
The Wolf and then the Green man

The Wolf and then the Green man

The pub name “The Green Man,” then, seems to have originated in the 17th century and to have referred in its earliest forms to the leaf-covered Green Man common in 16th-century pageantry. As we've seen, Lady Raglan was drawing on this tradition when she named the foliate head “Green Man.” Glance upwards as you approach or enter many of Britain’s great Cathedrals and churches, and it is more than likely you will catch sight of the Green Man gazing looking down at you.

But who is this strange green figure, surrounded by foliage, often with leaves spilling forth from his mouth?

The name ‘Green Man’ was first used by Lady Raglan in March 1939 in an article she wrote for the ‘Folklore’ journal; before this, they had been known just as ‘foliate heads’ and no one had paid them any particular attention. Pre-Christian pagan traditions and superstitions, particularly those related to nature and tree Worship, were still influential in the early Middle Ages. It is therefore perhaps not surprising that the Green Man seems to appear most often in places where there are stretches of ancient woodland, for example in Devon and Somerset and on the edges of the forest areas of Yorkshire and the Midlands.

Lady Raglan suggested that in antiquity, the Green Man was ‘the central figure in the May Day celebrations throughout Northern and Central Europe’. As the Green Man is also portrayed with acorns and hawthorn leaves, symbols of fertility in medieval times, this would seem to reinforce the association with spring.

Related figures such as Jack in the Green and Green George appear much later in our folklore. The earliest record of a Jack in the Green appears in The Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser in 1775.

Woden, the one-eyed god, sits upon his throne in Valhalla, feeding his wolves Geri and Freki by hand. Shields and mail coats fill the warrior-haunted room. Other wolves roam the hall, as well. Only the most valorous warriors have been invited to the feast. Odin welcomes them all. For this is how he will build his great army for Ragnorok – the end of days.

Loki’s son Fenrir, the great wolf, is bound to the World Tree Yggdrasil. To stop him from consuming the world and the heavens, the Aesir tricked the wolf into being chained to the tree. Fenrir was cunning, though, and he suspected trickery. So the god Tyr placed his sword hand inside of the wolf’s mouth as a gesture of goodwill. It is said the gods laughed when the wolf was bound – all except Tyr: he lost his hand. This is why your wrist is called the “wolf’s joint.”

Two more wolves race across the sky, pursuing the chariots of the Sun and the Moon. Their names are Skoll and Hati Hróðvitnisson. One day, the Sun will be captured and will be swallowed whole. The Moon will be consumed as well. The world will be thrust into darkness and ice will cover everything. Fenrir will break free from his bindings, the World Serpent will rise from the depths of the sea, and the Aesir and humans will be destroyed… all but a very few. This is Ragnorok. Wolves will cause the destruction of all there is.

Aug 27, 202212:14
Self Defence

Self Defence

Reasonable Force

A person may use such force as is reasonable in the circumstances for the purposes of (in the alternative): -

  • self-defence;
  • defence of another;
  • defence of property;
  • prevention of crime;
  • lawful arrest.

In assessing the reasonableness of the force used, prosecutors should ask two questions:

  • was the use of force necessary in the circumstances, i.e. Was there a need for any force at all?; and
  • was the force used reasonable in the circumstances?

The courts have indicated that both questions are to be answered on the basis of the facts as the accused honestly believed them to be (R v Williams (G) 78 Cr App R 276), (R. v Oatbridge, 94 Cr App R 367).

To that extent, it is a subjective test. There is, however, an objective element to the test. The jury must then go on to ask themselves whether, on the basis of the facts as the accused believed them to be, a reasonable person would regard the force used as reasonable or excessive.

It is important to bear in mind when assessing whether the force used was reasonable the words of Lord Morris in (Palmer v R 1971 AC 814);

"If there has been an attack so that self-defense is reasonably necessary, it will be recognised that a person defending himself cannot weigh to a nicety the exact measure of his defensive action. If the jury thought that in a moment of unexpected anguish a person attacked had only done what he honestly and instinctively thought necessary, that would be the most potent evidence that only reasonable defensive action had been taken ..."

The fact that an act was considered necessary does not mean that the resulting action was reasonable: (R v Clegg 1995 1 AC 482 HL). Where it is alleged that a person acted to defend himself/herself from violence, the extent to which the action taken was a necessary will, of course, be integral to the reasonableness of the force used.

In (R v O’Grady 85 Cr App R 315), it was held by the Court of Appeal that a defendant was not entitled to rely on, so far as self-defense is concerned, upon a mistake of fact that had been induced by voluntary intoxication.

Jul 15, 202207:27
Anglo Saxon Verse

Anglo Saxon Verse

A Choice of Anglo-Saxon Verse contains the Old English texts of all the major short poems, such as 'The Battle of Maldon', 'The Dream of the Rood', 'The Wanderer', and 'The Seafarer', as well as a generous representation of the many important fragments, riddles and gnomic verses that survive from the seventh to the twelfth centuries, with facing-page verse translations. These poems are the wellspring of the English poetic tradition, and this anthology provides a unique window into the mind and culture of the Anglo-Saxons.


May 25, 202207:31
The Legend Of Robin Hood

The Legend Of Robin Hood

Robin Hood was the legendary bandit of England who stole from the rich to help the poor. The stories about Robin appealed to common folk because he stood up against—and frequently outwitted—people in power. Furthermore, his life in the forest—hunting, and feasting with his fellow outlaws, coming to the assistance of those in need—seemed like a great and noble adventure.

Early Sources. The earliest known mention of Robin Hood is in William Langland's 1377 work called Piers Plowman, in which a character mentions that he knows "rimes of Robin Hood." This and other references from the late 1300s suggest that Robin Hood was well established as a popular legend by that time.

A collection of ballads about the outlaw Robin Hood, A Lytell Geste of Robin Hode, was published in England around 1489. From it and other medieval sources.

The Robin Hood ballads reflect the discontent of ordinary people with political conditions in medieval England. They were especially upset about new laws that kept them from hunting freely in forests that were now claimed as the property of kings and nobles. Social unrest and rebellion swirled through England at the time the Robin Hood ballads first became popular. This unrest erupted in an event called the Peasants' Revolt of 1381.

Tales of Robin Hood. One of the medieval ballads about Robin Hood involved Sir Guy of Gisborne. Robin and his comrade Little John had an argument and parted. While Little John was on his own, the Sheriff of Nottingham captured him and tied him to a tree. Robin ran into Sir Guy, who had sworn to slay the outlaw leader. When they each discovered the other's identity, they drew their swords and fought. Robin killed Sir Guy and put on his clothes.

Disguised as Sir Guy, Robin persuaded the sheriff to let him kill Little John, who was still tied to the tree. However, instead of slaying Little John, Robin freed him, and the two outlaws drove off the sheriff's men.

Another old story, known as Robin Hood and the Monk, also began with a quarrel between Robin and John. Robin went into Nottingham to attend church, but a monk recognized him and raised the alarm. Robin killed 12 people before he was captured.

When word of his capture reached Robin's comrades in the forest, they planned a rescue. As the monk passed by on his way to tell the king of Robin's capture, Little John and Much seized and beheaded him. John and Much, in disguise, visited the king in London and then returned to Nottingham bearing documents sealed with the royal seal. The sheriff, not recognizing them, welcomed the two men and treated them to a feast. That night Little John and Much killed Robin's jailer and set Robin free. By the time the sheriff realized what had happened, the three outlaws were safe in Sherwood Forest.

May 13, 202222:09
The Fight at Finnsburh

The Fight at Finnsburh

A 48‐line fragmentary poem in Old English dealing with part of the tragic tale of Finn and Hildeburh, a later part of which is sung by the scôp in Beowulf, II. 1,063–1,159. The fragment is included by F. Klaeber in his edition of Beowulf (1922, etc.) and in other editions. 

The fragment of the Finnsburh poem and the Finnsburh reference in Beowulf somewhat overlap. The song sung during the celebration at Heorot follows the events described in the poem. This overlap in narratives is one reason why these two works are studied together.

The original manuscript of the Fight at Finnsburh is now lost, but it is known to have existed on a single leaf in the Lambeth Palace Library, page 489. The text was published in a transcription made by George Hikes in 1705.

The Fight at Finnsburh is an example of a typical Germanic `heroic lay' describing warriors' deeds in battle and the speeches of significant warriors during the battle. The poem resembles others of the same genre such as The Battle of Maldon and is quite different from the epic form of Beowulf.

Beowulf is the only poem that associates the parties involved as Danes and Frisians.

Apr 24, 202211:15
Volund The Smith
Mar 20, 202226:35
David Casserly Silver and Hema Teacher and enthusiast

David Casserly Silver and Hema Teacher and enthusiast

This episode of the Wanderer has David Casserly as a guest. 

David Casserly was born and brought up in Bolton where he still lives. His first book "Massacre, The Storming of Bolton" published in 2011, came after a lifelong fascination with the subject and in learning the facts behind the story.

He is a guest speaker for Blackpool and Fylde College on their history degree program and works for Lancashire Museum Service as an Arms and Armour specialist on events. He is a qualified instructor under the British Federation of Historical Swordplay, a member of Acadamie Gloriana, an English Martial Arts Group, and is a Fellow of the Anglo-Zulu War Historical Society.

Mar 08, 202209:43
The Mead of Poetry

The Mead of Poetry

Mead was a very important part of a heathens civilization and culture. It helps define their leisure time and identity as a people and thus gets a prominent role in their stories and myths. Mead is no different from the Northern peoples during the Viking age. So important, in fact, that they use the drink as essentially a metaphor for how the inspiration for creative endeavors possesses people. The Mead of Poetry is a mythical beverage that causes its drinker to gain great wisdom, to the point of being able to recite any information or answer any question. There’s a whole myth devoted to its creation and the aftermath of such a valuable treasure existing.

I accidentally left a few mistakes in the audio, because I have a new setup, I'll make sure that doesn't happen again.

Mar 02, 202217:10
The Beginning of all things

The Beginning of all things

Woden was a war god, and he appeared in heroic literature as the protector of heroes; fallen warriors joined him in Valhalla. The wolf and the raven were dedicated to him. His magical horse, Sleipnir had eight legs, teeth inscribed with runes, and the ability to gallop through the air and over the sea. Woden was the great magician among the gods and was associated with runes. He was also the god of poets. In outward appearance he was a tall, old man, with flowing beard and only one eye (the other he gave in exchange for wisdom). He was usually depicted wearing a cloak and a wide-brimmed hat and carrying a spear.

In this story, we see him as a creator god

Feb 07, 202213:60
Teutonic Knights and the Undead

Teutonic Knights and the Undead

This episode is very short, but It is a fun episode that talks about the Teutonic Knights fighting the Undead, This article is presented as fact from the sources I read. It is clearly complete fantasy but it was a great read. Unfortunately, I can no longer find this information on the internet.

But I hope you enjoy the episode.

Feb 03, 202203:36
English Quarterstaff
Jan 28, 202217:17
The Anglo Saxon Broken Back Seax

The Anglo Saxon Broken Back Seax

Swords were enormously expensive weapons 1,500 years ago, and the Anglo Saxon warriors of those times needed a blade that could be used for everyday work and double as a fighting knife or sword. They and warriors of many other Northern European cultures chose the seax, which can be considered either a large dagger or a short single-edged sword.

The origins of the seax are difficult to determine, but early forms of the weapon have been found in 5th century Frankish graves. This is surprising in as much as the weapon gave its name to the people known as "Saxons" who were one of three Germanic tribes who settled in Britain.

The term "scramaseax" is sometimes used in modern descriptions of this weapon, but it occurs only once in a historical account. In his History of the Franks, Gregory of Tours describes how sixth-century Frankish king Sigibert was assassinated by two young men using "strong knives commonly called scramaseax" (cultris validis quos vulgo scramasaxos vocant).

Jan 12, 202212:50
Guy Windsor Swordsman

Guy Windsor Swordsman

This episode is a talk by Guy Windsor.

I try to include many different kinds of things in this podcast rather than keep rehashing stuff that has already been done. I have a few really good episodes lined up that I am sure everyone will like.

Guy Windsor writes books about historical European swordsmanship and related topics like push-ups. My day job is finding and analyzing historical swordsmanship treatises, figuring out the systems they represent, creating a syllabus for my students to train that system with, and teaching the system to my students. Yes, I swordfight for a living.

I have also consulted on sword fighting game design and stage combat, and have developed a card game, Audatia, based on Fiore Dei Liberi's Art of Arms, my primary field of study. I have a Ph.D. from Edinburgh University in recreating historical combat systems.

Dr. Guy Windsor is a world-renowned instructor and a pioneering researcher of medieval and renaissance martial arts. He has been teaching the Art of Arms full-time since founding The School of European Swordsmanship in Helsinki, Finland, in 2001. His day job is finding and analyzing historical swordsmanship treatises, figuring out the systems they represent, creating a syllabus from the treatises for his students to train with, and teaching the system to his students all over the world. Guy is the author of numerous classic books about the art of swordsmanship and has consulted on sword fighting game design and stage combat. In 2018 Edinburgh University awarded him a Ph.D. by Research Publications for his work recreating historical combat systems. When not studying medieval and renaissance swordsmanship or writing books Guy can be found in his shed woodworking or spending time with his family.

Dec 31, 202136:44
Update on getting Heathens recognised

Update on getting Heathens recognised

This is a short episode on how the campaign to get Anglo Saxon Heathenism recognised by the UK government as a legitimate religion in the UK. It isn't going well and in fact the campaign is dead in the water. But I will carry on.

Dec 26, 202102:03
Anglo Saxon Riddles

Anglo Saxon Riddles

all of the Anglo-Saxon poetry that has survived is found in just four manuscripts which escaped the ravages of time, the pillaging of the Vikings, and the censorship of the Church. One thing that the Anglo-Saxon people were particularly fond of was telling (and trying to guess the answer of) riddles. It wasn't just children, who enjoyed riddles. Adults were very fond of them. People enjoyed trying to stump their friends and family with just how cleverly riddles could be worded.

Riddles are a quirky part of the Anglo-Saxon literature which survives to us today. They were written in both Old English and Latin, and the content can be religious, scholarly, comical or obscene.

Dec 11, 202107:53
Heathenism

Heathenism

In this episode, we look at Heathenism both old and modern.

We look at how Heathenism has been reconstructed as well as heathenism of over a thousand years ago. Heathenry, also termed Heathenism, contemporary Germanic Paganism, or Germanic Neopaganism is a modern pagan religion. Developed in Europe during the early 20th century, its practitioners model it on the ancient Heathenism adhered to by the germanic peoples. In an attempt to reconstruct these past belief systems, Heathenry uses surviving historical, archaeological, and folkloric evidence as a basis, although approaches to this material vary considerably.

Nov 30, 202114:49
News

News

Hello everyone. This is a very short episode but I had to give out what is happening at the moment. The Wanderer is now not just a podcast but is also a Website and a youtube channel.

Website: https://www.thewanderer.info/

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGOpG4Raynnu3bcRUXPbd3w

The website: is a campaign website fighting for the recognition of Heathenism in England.

The youtube channel is acting as a second podcast site.

Nov 09, 202102:33
Anglo Saxon Poetry a discussion

Anglo Saxon Poetry a discussion

A discussion on Anglo Saxon Poetry.

Nov 08, 202110:33
The Invasions

The Invasions

How the Germanic tribes came and settled in Britain. Their battles, Families, and how they lived day to day.

Nov 08, 202109:44
Anglo Saxon Poems

Anglo Saxon Poems

Anglo-Saxon Poetry encompasses verse written during the 600-year Anglo-Saxon period of British history, from the mid-fifth century to the Norman Conquest of 1066. Almost all of the literature of this period was orally transmitted, and almost all poems were intended for oral performance. As a result of this, Anglo-Saxon poetry tends to be highly rhythmical, much like other forms of verse that emerged from oral traditions. However, Anglo-Saxon poetry does not create rhythm through the techniques of meter and rhyme, derived from Latin poetry, that are utilized by most other Western European languages. Instead, Anglo-Saxon poetry creates rhythm through a unique system of alliteration. Syllables are not counted as they are in traditional European meters, but instead, the length of the line is determined by a pattern of stressed syllables that begin with the same consonant cluster. The result of this style of poetry is a harsher, more guttural sound and a rhythm that sounds more like a chant than a traditional song.

Although most Anglo-Saxon poetry was never written down and as such is lost to us, it was clearly a thriving literary language, and there are extant works in a wide variety of genres including epic poetry, Bible translations, historical chronicles, riddles, and short lyrics. Some of the most important works from this period include the epic Beowulf, Bede's Death Song, and the wisdom poetry found in the Exeter Book such as The Seafarer, and The Wanderer.

Nov 03, 202107:51
Religion in Anglo Saxon England

Religion in Anglo Saxon England

From paganism to Christianity, we explore the religions of Anglo-Saxon England.

The Germanic migrants who settled in Britain in the fifth century were pagans. From the end of the sixth century, missionaries from Rome and Ireland converted the rulers of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms to a religion – Christianity – which had originated in the Middle East.
The conversion to Christianity had an enormous social and cultural impact on Anglo-Saxon England. With this religion arrived literacy and the writing of books and documents. The vast majority of the manuscripts which survived from this period were made by churchmen and women, and they were kept in the libraries of monasteries and cathedrals.

Oct 21, 202113:10
Here be Monsters

Here be Monsters

The Anglo-Saxons believed in many different creatures and monsters. They populated their world and haunted their nightmares. Grendel is one of three foes, along with Grendel's mother and a dragon, in the Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf. Grendel is thought of as a huge troll-like creature who dwells in a swamp or a cave. Those are the sorts of locations the Saxons thought trolls lived. Beowulf eventually kills Grendel.

There were just a few creatures who the Anglo-Saxons believed inhabited the woods and hills. It was for fear of them that they avoided such places in the night. When bad things happened they would blame them and they would pray to Woden and Freya to protect their families.

Oct 21, 202107:05