History Shelf

Virginia Woolf had a tragic life. It was filled with devastating deaths, mental illness, and abuse. She started getting abused by the age of six. Soon the loved ones around her were taken by death. Her struggles with mental illness soon followed. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Virginia-Woolf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2251325/#:~:text=Virginia%20Woolf%2C%20by%20self%2Dadmission,George%20Duckworth%2C%20misused%20her%20repeatedly. https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/n/nicolson-woolf.html https://adogcalledpain.wordpress.com/2015/10/19/a-beautiful-mind-laura-makepeace-stephen-and-the-earlswood-asylum-medical-archives/ https://www.openlettersmonthlyarchive.com/olm/looking-for-laura https://adogcalledpain.wordpress.com/2015/10/19/a-beautiful-mind-laura-makepeace-stephen-and-the-earlswood-asylum-medical-archives/ https://lithub.com/how-the-alphabet-helped-virginia-woolf-understand-her-father/#:~:text=Woolf%20modeled%20Mr.,Ramsay. https://orlando.cambridge.org/people/1fd0f4cf-708e-429d-95f8-1031ea9119e0 https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/b/bloomsbury/lifestyle-lives-and-legacy-bloomsbury-group https://www.themarginalian.org/2014/02/07/dreadnought-hoax-virginia-woolf/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presencehttps://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/matt-stewart-evans/neighbourhood-oddities https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began

Did you know that the United States has already had a gay First Lady? It's true! Rose Cleveland acted as First Lady for a brief time during her brother, Grover Cleveland's, first term in the White House. But being the First Lady didn't interest her. Rose went off to find her own adventures, and what she found was an epic love! History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-book-chronicles-first-lady-rose-clevelands-love-affair-evangeline-simpson-whipple-180972472/ https://www.whitehousehistory.org/bios/rose-cleveland https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2019/06/20/she-was-once-first-lady-she-is-buried-next-her-longtime-female-partner/ https://www.businessinsider.com/lgbtq-history-first-lady-rose-cleveland-2023-2 https://www.romesentinel.com/entertainment-life/culture/former-president-once-lived-in-clinton-h-p/article_87b98c2b-82e7-53ed-88e4-3fbdf5d4cc72.html Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/piano-meditation-seqouia https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/love-story https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/yeti-music/turning-pages https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

Emily Dickinson was a prolific poet, but the world would not know that in her lifetime. Only ten of her poems were published when she was alive, and not a one of them was published under her name. Now today she is one of the most celebrated poets of all time. Not only did she leave behind poems, but she also left behind mysteries. Who all did Emily love in her lifetime? Was she a lesbian? Was she bisexual? Why did she shut herself off from the world later in her life? This episodes tries to answer some of those questions. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://muse.jhu.edu/article/9588 https://muse.jhu.edu/article/11140 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Emily-Dickinson/Mature-career https://santitafarella.wordpress.com/2008/07/15/emily-dickinson-lesbian-her-letter-to-susan-gilbert-in-june-of-1852-might-tell-us-less-than-you-think/ https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45706/i-felt-a-funeral-in-my-brain-340 https://www.sparknotes.com/biography/dickinson/section4/ https://www.biblio.com/book/archive-kate-scott-anthon-friend-purported/d/1360950420 https://archive.emilydickinson.org/correspondence/anthon/l222.html https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/11/8642236/who-is-real-sue-emily-dickinson-girlfriend-appletv-show https://www.jstor.org/stable/2926372?origin=crossref https://poet-emily-dickinson.weebly.com/leonard-humphrey.html https://books.google.com/books?id=Cb6qV1W_m3QC&q=%22martha+nell+smith%22&pg=PA70#v=snippet&q=%22martha%20nell%20smith%22&f=false https://www.emilydickinsonmuseum.org/ https://therumpus.net/2011/05/18/the-dark-mystery-of-emily-dickinsons-master-letters/ https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/master-narrative-who-did-emily-dickinson-write-her-love-letters-to/ https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/amazing-facts-calendar-2025 Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/piano-meditation-seqouia https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/love-story https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

Florence Nightingale is the woman responsible for making nursing what it is today. She was a woman that grew up wealth and was complicated. Was she asexual? Perhaps. Was she a lesbian? Maybe. Was she racist? Absolutely. Was she misogynistic? Certainly. Take a listen to this episode to learn more about the woman behind the image of the Lady with the Lamp. Content Warning: 15:07 - 15:17 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.carefulnursing.ie/go/background/irish_nurses_at_the_crimean_war https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/florence-nightingale/ http://www.florence-nightingale-avenging-angel.co.uk/blog/how-florence-nightingale-saved-lives/ https://globalhandwashing.org/about-handwashing/history-of-handwashing/ https://archive.org/details/florencenighting0000crom/page/29/mode/1up https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/victorians/nightingale_01.shtml https://www.britannica.com/biography/Florence-Nightingale https://www.makingqueerhistory.com/articles/2019/3/30/florence-nightingale-part-i https://www.florence-nightingale.co.uk/suitors/#:~:text=Florence%20the%20Woman&text=When%20Sir%20Harry%20Verney%20proposed,Marmaduke%20Wyville%20and%20Henry%20Nicholson. https://collections.countway.harvard.edu/onview/items/show/13519 https://www.countryjoe.com/nightingale/milnes.htm https://thehistorypress.co.uk/article/eight-little-known-facts-about-florence-nightingale/ https://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/18386896.florence-nightingale-said-yes-now-building-wyvill-hospitals/ https://owlcation.com/humanities/lesbians-in-history https://lifeandtimesofflorencenightingale.wordpress.com/biography/the-early-life-of-florence-nightingale/ https://www.vice.com/en/article/kb4jd3/its-really-sickening-how-much-florence-nightingale-hated-women https://www.florence-nightingale.co.uk/benjamin-jowett-1817-1893/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920984/#:~:text=2011%20May%3B%20101(5)%3A,limit%20Russian%20expansion%20into%20Europe. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/sep/06/florence-nightingale-how-the-lady-with-the-lamp-was-guided-by-fathers-advice https://nursingclio.org/2020/11/05/the-racist-lady-with-the-lamp/ https://maryseacole.info/introduction/the-life-of-mary-seacole/mary-seacoles-relationship-with-florence-nightingale/ https://www.florence-nightingale.co.uk/cassandra-by-florence-nightingale/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/piano-meditation-seqouia https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/love-story https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender h https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

This is the conclusion to Alexander Hamilton's story. Listen to this episode to learn about America's first political sex scandal and what impact it had on Alexander's reputation and political career. Learn about the tragedy that involved one of his sons. And learn about Alexander's deadliest rival. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/quasi-war/ https://archive.org/details/alexanderhamilto0000scha_p8e9/page/n3/mode/1up https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/alexander-hamilton/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Hamilton-United-States-statesman https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/alexander-hamilton.htm https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-sexuality-of-alexander-hamilton/ https://history.nycourts.gov/case/people-v-weeks/#:~:text=Levi%20Weeks%20was%20the%20brother,represent%20him%20at%20the%20trial. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/alexander-hamiltons-adultery-and-apology-18021947/ https://www.history.com/news/alexander-hamilton-maria-reynolds-pamphlet-affair https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/time-when-alexander-hamilton-almost-dueled-james-monroe-180957045/ https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/burr-slays-hamilton-in-duel https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/hamilton-philip-hamilton-1782-1801/ https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-26-02-0001-0248 https://www.history.com/news/eliza-alexander-hamilton-legacy Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/love-story https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

The American Revolutionary War is over. Now all Alexander Hamilton has to do is help form a nation. In this episode I dive into the early days of the country America. I talk about all the plans and ideas Alexander had for it, but I also continue to discuss his personal life. Did Alexander love his wife? Did he have a flirtatious relationship with his sister-in-law, Angelica Schuyler? Learn all that and more in this episode. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/alexander-hamilton/ https://www.history.com/topics/early-us/whiskey-rebellion https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/newburgh-conspiracy https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Hamilton-United-States-statesman https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-sexuality-of-alexander-hamilton/ https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/alexander-hamilton.htm https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-hamilton-laurens-letters/ https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/exhibition/alexander-hamiltons-american-revolution/ https://www.elle.com/culture/movies-tv/a33239148/angelica-schuyler-hamilton-true-story/ https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/exhibition/alexander-hamiltons-american-revolution/ https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-09-02-0219 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/new-research-alexander-hamilton-slave-owner-180976260/ https://www.varsitytutors.com/earlyamerica/early-america-review/volume-15/hamilton-and-slavery#:~:text=Hamilton%20was%20not%20an%20advocate,those%20goals%20over%20opposing%20slavery. Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/love-story https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift

Hamilton is one hell of a soundtrack, but did you know that Lin-Manuel Miranda strayed away from history a few times, and there were somethings that he didn't include? Like did you know that Alexander Hamilton may have been bisexual? Learn that and more as I dive into the life of Alexander Hamilton. Content Warning: 12:39 - 12:43 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://ushistoryscene.com/article/quebec-act/#google_vignette https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/alexander-hamilton/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Hamilton-United-States-statesman https://screenrant.com/hamilton-lafayatte-hercules-mulligan-john-laurens-meet-how/ https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/alexander-hamilton.htm https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/american-revolution-history https://emergingrevolutionarywar.org/2019/02/19/alexander-hamiltons-first-duel/ https://bi.org/en/articles/famous-bis-alexander-hamilton https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-sexuality-of-alexander-hamilton/ http://rictornorton.co.uk/hamilton.htm https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-sexuality-of-alexander-hamilton/ https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-life-and-loves-of-lafayette/ https://www.18thcenturypride.com/the-hamilton-laurens-letters/ https://www.americanrevolutioninstitute.org/exhibition/alexander-hamiltons-american-revolution/ https://www.amrevmuseum.org/fashioning-eliza-project/when-alexander-met-eliza-or-at-least-danced-with-her https://www.ouramericanrevolution.org/index.cfm/people/view/pp0050 https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Hamilton/01-27-02-0001-0003 https://susanhollowayscott.com/blog/2018/1/28/lovesick-alexander-hamilton-a-letter-from-alexander-to-eliza-july-13-1781 https://susanhollowayscott.com/blog/2019/2/14/a-1780-valentine-from-alexander-hamilton Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall https://uppbeat.io/t/benjamin-botkin/the-heart-of-hero https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

This episode is the conclusion of Queen Kristina of Sweden's story. Kristina never liked being king, and the stress of it all had taken its toll on her. Kristina decided to give up the crown to live a life going around Europe and living her best life. Content Warnings: Execution: 12:10 - 12:14 Execution: 44:16 - 44:27 Abortion: 47:17 - 47:23 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christina-queen-of-Sweden https://www.thoughtco.com/queen-christina-of-sweden-3530306 https://faculty.washington.edu/ewebb/Rome/Christina.htm#:~:text=All%20the%20thinkers%20she%20invited,the%20Incarnation%20or%20the%20Trinity. https://www.makingqueerhistory.com/articles/kristina https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/vulgarhistory/episodes/Kristina-of-Sweden--part-three-e1jjt7s https://vulgarhistory.com/2022/07/13/17-kristina-of-sweden-part-four/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/matt-stewart-evans/neighbourhood-odditieshttps://uppbeat.io/t/matt-stewart-evans/neighbourhood-oddities https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/wistful-waltz https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

Queen Kristina of Sweden was a queen that was called a king. She was messy and interesting. She definitely marched to the beat of her own drum. When she was born nurses believed that she was a boy and that really set the tone for her life. Even today there is a debate on whether she was a cis woman, intersex, a transgender man, or non binary. Take a listen to this episode and learn about one of history's most messy and complicated people. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://headstuff.org/culture/history/queen-christina-of-sweden-lesbian-troublemaker/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christina-queen-of-Sweden https://www.thoughtco.com/queen-christina-of-sweden-3530306 https://vulgarhistory.com/2022/06/22/14-kristina-of-sweden-part-one/ https://open.spotify.com/episode/3KlFJTQym8eOB09ZgFPrHb Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away

This is the conclusion to what has become the King James VI and I saga. In this episode you get to hear about James last scheme to get himself out of debt, Anne of Denmark makes another appearance, and we meet another one of James's lovers. His name was George Villiers, and he may have been the love of James's life. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/king-james-vi-and-i-facts https://rictornorton.co.uk/kingjame.htm https://www.tatler.com/article/the-real-story-behind-mary-and-george https://www.thehistoryreader.com/historical-figures/secret-plot-murder-king-james-i/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/arnito/orient-kaniba https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/dan-barracuda/la-madre https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/piano-meditation-seqouia https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

The Gunpowder Plot comes to a conclusion in part 3 of James's story. James makes a decision that forever shapes religion and the world. And we also meet one of James's young and hot male lovers in this episode. Content Warnings: Suicide: 16:49 - 16:52 Violence: 22:21 - 22:56 Violence: 26:04 - 26:18 Violence: 27:22 - 28:20 Sexual Content: 43:33 - 43:47 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/king-james-vi-and-i-facts https://www.history.com/news/king-james-bible-most-popular https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/great-contract https://tomwatsonofficial.substack.com/p/the-gunpowder-plot-a-failed-conspiracy?utm_medium=reader2 https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/robert-carr-1st-earl-of-somerset-favorite-of-king-james-i-of-england/ https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp04186/robert-carr-earl-of-somerset https://annfosterwriter.com/2018/07/04/frances-howard-thomas-overbury-murder/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/last-breath https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/wistful-waltz https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

King James VI and I desperately wanted to be Queen Elizabeth I's heir and the King of England. He wanted it so bad that was he reaction to Elizabeth beheading his mother was minimal. The people of England welcomed James with open arms at the very beginning of his reign, but he soon wore out his welcome with English Catholics. Those English Catholics soon started plotting on how take James off of the throne. Content Warning: 3:11 - 3:14 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/king-james-vi-and-i-facts https://wordsforlife.org.uk/activities/remember-remember-the-5th-of-november/ https://www.royal.uk/james-vi-and-i-r-1567-1625 https://www.nps.gov/rowi/learn/historyculture/kingjames.htm https://courtstudies.hypotheses.org/946 https://www.philippagregory.com/news/james-vi-marries-anne-of-denmark-in-oslo https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/jul/14/heart-stopping-censored-pages-of-history-of-elizabeth-i-reappear-after-400-years https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp04348/lady-arabella-stuart#:~:text=However%2C%20her%20secret%20marriage%20to,she%20died%20in%20September%201615. Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/celtic-impulse https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

King James VI and I became king at a young age when his mother, Mary, Queen of Scots was forced to abdicate. He was born to Catholic parents, but those around him raised him to be Protestant. Amongst all this chaos it is possible he found love in his father's cousin. A man by the name of Esmé Stewart. Content Warning: 7:49 - 7:53 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/king-james-vi-and-i-facts https://www.royal.uk/james-vi-and-i-r-1567-1625 https://www.nps.gov/rowi/learn/historyculture/kingjames.htm https://britishheritage.com/history/mary-queen-scots-lord-darnley https://www.thenational.scot/news/20660774.scotlands-james-vi-homosexual-affair-cousin-esme/ https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/esme-stewart-1st-duke-of-lennox-favorite-of-king-james-vi-of-scotland-later-also-king-james-i-of-england/ https://www.clan-forbes.org/post/ruthven https://homework.study.com/explanation/why-did-king-james-vi-calmly-accept-his-mother-s-execution.html#:~:text=The%20two%20became%20allies%20in,favor%20with%20the%20British%20queen. Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

William Shakespeare was one of the world's most prolific writer. He wrote my many plays and poems. Some of his sonnets have caused people to question William's sexuality. They wonder if one of the greatest of all time was bisexual. He work even caused some to question his religion and even his authorship. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeare-biography/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/when-was-shakespeare-born/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/john-shakespeare/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/mary-arden/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/shakespeares-school/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/shakespeares-wife-and-marriage/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/susanna-hall/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/hamnet-shakespeare/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/william-shakespeares-family/judith-shakespeare/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/shakespeare-career/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/shakespedia/william-shakespeare/shakespeares-lost-years/ https://www.rsc.org.uk/shakespeares-life-and-times#:~:text=From%201585%20until%201592%2C%20very,as%20'The%20Lost%20Years'. https://www.rsc.org.uk/shakespeares-plays/histories-timeline/timeline#:~:text=It%20is%20believed%20that%20he,of%20Shakespeare's%20plays%20by%20decade. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/39gmbBJvx1wdxkq9wnmZxBn/11-surprising-facts-about-william-shakespeare https://www.historyextra.com/period/elizabethan/globe-theatre-fire-london-shakespeare-william-facts/ https://www.shakespeare.org.uk/explore-shakespeare/podcasts/lets-talk-shakespeare/did-shakespeare-know-queen-elizabeth-i/ https://www.thepinknews.com/2021/04/23/william-shakespeare-bisexual-love-sonnets-gay-sexuality/ Music: https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/whispers-in-the-dark https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/arrival-of-a-princess https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/coventry-carol https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/piano-meditation-seqouia https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall

Leonardo da Vinci was so many things in his life. To call him a Renaissance Man is an understatement. But would it be accurate to call him a gay man? Well for centuries people have debated this, and no definite answer has emerged. In this episode I take a deep into Leonardo da Vinci's sexuality and so much more. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonardo-da-Vinci https://nicofranz.art/en/leonardo-da-vinci/family https://vitagazette.com/en/the-woman-with-ermine-e-leonardo-da-vinci/ https://nicofranz.art/en/leonardo-da-vinci/lady-with-an-ermine https://www.historyextra.com/period/renaissance/leonardo-michelangelo-rivalry-inspiration-artists/ https://mitown.it/gian-giacomo-caprotti-the-lover-of-leonardo-da-vinci/ https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20191107-the-men-who-leonardo-da-vinci-loved https://www.rd.com/list/secrets-famous-paintings/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone License code: OSWQLT91EGBIPUK8 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence License code: 9MI8VVA8MXPXZAXI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

In this episode I pick off where I left off from last week. I continue on telling you the story of King Edward II. Last week the episode ended with a devastated Edward over the murder of Piers Gaveston. This week I tell you about another possible lover of King Edward II, Hugh Despenser the Younger. Content Warnings: 32:27 - 32:40 39:29 - 40:18 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-II-king-of-England https://www.royal.uk/edward-ii https://www.creativehistorian.co.uk/blog/read_185925/almost-kings-sons-of-edward-i.html https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/edward-ii-and-the-kiss-that-crushed-his-queen-106263/ https://www.creativehistorian.co.uk/blog/read_185925/almost-kings-sons-of-edward-i.html https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Tragic-Demise-Edward-II/ https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/hugh-despenser-the-younger-favorite-of-edward-ii-king-of-england/ https://www.historyextra.com/period/medieval/isabella-france-rebel-queen-invasion-england-deposition-husband-edward-ii/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence License code: 9MI8VVA8MXPXZAXI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone License code: OSWQLT91EGBIPUK8

King Edward II was king of England in the 14th century. In this first part of his story I tell you about the boy before he was a king and the start of his early reign. And I also tell you about who is believed to have been a lover of Edward's. His name was Piers Gaveston. Content Warning: 30:38 - 30:55 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-II-king-of-England https://www.royal.uk/edward-ii https://www.creativehistorian.co.uk/blog/read_185925/almost-kings-sons-of-edward-i.html https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/edward-ii-and-the-kiss-that-crushed-his-queen-106263/ https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Tragic-Demise-Edward-II/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/whispers-in-the-dark License code: KDHRJMU8LTSNYI9Z Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone License code: OSWQLT91EGBIPUK8 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms License code: 4UDHMM3DIBW1SCRC Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/waterway-music/you-were-beside-me-hamu License code: T65RJYV9DNC7LANX Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Roberto grew up in Puerto Rico during a time where basically everyone was struggling. He was a nobleman, but that didn't mean that he was seating on piles of cash. In fact, there was one point in his life where he was probably homeless. Roberto eventually became a pirate and helped out fellow struggling Puerto Ricans. This has earned him to be seen as a Robin Hood figure by many. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://cofresipr.com/pages/the-legend-of-roberto-cofresi https://www.cofresipalmresort.com/pirate_story.html https://www.solboricua.com/pirata/Cofresi.htm https://www.americanghostwalks.com/articles/the-ghost-of-roberto-cofresi-puerto-rico-s-most-fa https://nuestrostories.com/2022/09/roberto-cofresi-pirate-caribbean/ https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_Cofres%C3%AD Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/wistful-waltz License code: PT35JV723PA0DC1Y Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone License code: OSWQLT91EGBIPUK8 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/store-away-for-a-winters-day License code: LZVITOAYURZCWJMP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/studiokolomna/corsairs License code: WCJHRCUSICX1HBB5 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONIMusic from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters License code: PNSRA61GJGVZXLHH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Who do you think is the most successful pirate of all time? Blackbeard? Bartholomew Roberts? Samuel Bellamy? What if I told you it was none of the above? What if I told you it wasn't some white dude from England? What it if I told you that it was a woman from China that started off as a prostitute? Well that is the truth and that is the story of Zheng Yi Sao. Zheng Yi Sao became a pirate queen. She had command of about 80,000 pirates! She once wielded more power than all of China. Content Warning: 17:13 - 17:17 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/ching-shih-chinese-female-pirate https://www.worldhistory.org/Zheng_Yi_Sao/ https://www.military.com/history/chinese-woman-led-largest-and-most-successful-pirate-fleet-history.html https://vulgarhistory.com/2022/12/14/39-zheng-yi-sao-aka-shi-yang-aka-ching-shih/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-gienger/inner-temple License code: Y0IQWHGUYHWA5ILO Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/zac-tiessen/eastern-journey License code: QGNFAU0UYFK6IN7J

Most pirates we know about because they lived large. The wanted to go down in a blaze of glory and be talked about for centuries to come. Their goal was to have their reputation proceed them. But the river pirate James Ford was different. James lived a double life. James was an outstanding member of the community. To the public he lived his live by the law. To the public he WAS the law. They didn't know that he was living a secret life as a pirate. Content Warning: 12:55 -13:29 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: http://www.illinoishistory.com/jamesford.html https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Ford_(pirate) Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/last-breath License code: TDOM2ET7ACFUD4JW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Anne Bonny was not your typical 18th century woman. She didn't crave the domestic life. Instead she longed for adventure. So she donned men's clothing and took to the seas defying the law and gender norms. Content Warning: 7:07 -7:17 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.pbs.org/video/anne-bonny-to-zheng-yi-sao-the-notorious-women-of-piracy-rke45f/ https://www.worldhistory.org/image/14469/trial-notice-of-john-rackham-anne-bonny-and-mary-r/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anne-Bonny https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bonny-anne https://www.thoughtco.com/facts-about-anne-bonny-mary-read-2136281 https://rictornorton.co.uk/pirates.htm https://www.thepinknews.com/2021/02/16/amanda-cotton-lesbian-pirates-anne-bonny-mary-read-devon-burgh-island/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/whispers-in-the-dark License code: KDHRJMU8LTSNYI9Z Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/simple-pleasures License code: VKFMUBOCU3KHZ4QX Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/wistful-waltz License code: PT35JV723PA0DC1Y Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2OMusic from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Edward Low is often referred to as Ned Low. He was a successful pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy. Was he the most successful? No, but there is definitely a case to be made that he was the most sadistic pirate. He didn't just rob and kill, he tortured. And he enjoyed every second of it. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.worldhistory.org/Edward_Low/ http://www.thewayofthepirates.com/famous-pirates/edward-low/ https://historyofmassachusetts.org/pirate-edward-low/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/cruising-altitude-lake-isabel License code: Z3N2E6PB2ORCDYY3 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/weary-pines/open-season License code: K4ZB9OYFM48HWM5E Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD

Samuel Bellamy AKA Black Sam was a experienced and talented sailor that became a pirate. But he didn't just become any pirate. No, he became the richest pirate that has ever lived! And he did it all for the love of a woman, or ar least that is how the legend goes. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.thoughtco.com/pirate-samuel-black-sam-bellamy-biography-2136213 https://financesonline.com/top-10-richest-pirates-in-history-blackbeard-drake-others-worth-millions/#:~:text=Black%20Sam%20(Samuel%20Bellamy)%3A%20%24120%20million&text=All%20told%2C%20Black%20Sam's%20bounty,be%20dead%20by%20late%20April. https://talkingpointsmemo.com/cafe/what-netflixs-lost-pirate-kingdom-got-right-and-wrong-about-the-golden-age-pirate-gang https://thepirateempire.blogspot.com/2013/09/black-sam-bellamy-and-wreck-of-whydah.html https://youtu.be/lpGUK5rorcU?si=Cah51jbeLN3-eaVK Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/cruising-altitude-lake-isabel License code: Z3N2E6PB2ORCDYY3 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/studiokolomna/corsairs License code: WCJHRCUSICX1HBB5 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/store-away-for-a-winters-day License code: LZVITOAYURZCWJMP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/simon-folwar/so-say-we-all License code: ZH9GOASMFNAZEQPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence License code: 9MI8VVA8MXPXZAXI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/theo-gerard/wistful-waltz License code: PT35JV723PA0DC1Y Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Stede Bonnet was raised to be a productive member of society. He was raised to have honor. He was raised to be a gentleman. But the Stede was born into was not the live he wanted. He longed for adventure. So he bought a ship and became history's worst pirate. He became The Gentleman Pirate. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-gentleman-pirate-159418520/ https://www.barbadoscarolinas.org/stede-bonnet-gentleman-pirate https://youtu.be/6R03t5QbrCM?si=PunEVbZqsAA7AgWA https://archive.org/details/piratesprivateer00butl_0 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/matt-stewart-evans/neighbourhood-oddities License code: BXIS21O6BO3YSYAP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/simple-pleasures License code: VKFMUBOCU3KHZ4QX Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms License code: 4UDHMM3DIBW1SCRC Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Bartholomew Roberts AKA Black Bart AKA Black Barty was one of the cruelest pirates that ever lived. He was also one of the most successful. His peers couldn't hold a candle to him. His ruthlessness lead to his success and his demise. Content Warning: 20:02 - 20:27 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Bookshop Link: https://bookshop.org/shop/History_Shelf Sources: http://www.thewayofthepirates.com/famous-pirates/bartholomew-roberts/ https://www.worldhistory.org/Bartholomew_Roberts/ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/bartholomew-roberts https://www.thoughtco.com/bartholomew-black-bart-roberts-2136212 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/studiokolomna/corsairs License code: WCJHRCUSICX1HBB5 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/last-breath License code: TDOM2ET7ACFUD4JW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Blackbeard is probably the most famous pirate (both real and fictional) that there is. But did you know that his real name isn't even known for sure? This episode tries to separate the man from the myth of Blackbeard. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Sources: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/three-centuries-after-his-beheading-kinder-gentler-blackbeard-emerges-180970782/ https://time.com/5457008/blackbeard-death/ https://www.worldhistory.org/Blackbeard/ https://screenrant.com/our-flag-means-death-blackbeard-stede-bonnet-relationship-true-story/ https://www.amherst.edu/users/U/dullian08/node/20554 https://ghostcitytours.com/thanksgiving-ghosts/blackbeards-ghost/ https://youtu.be/X3cv0cu7whk?si=zJyTCbYAA5kNSq-m Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: ONWMXFCAXUFHHZ3F Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/studiokolomna/corsairs License code: WCJHRCUSICX1HBB5 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/aftermath License code: LAVGPMQSIXYCOEWN Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Benjamin Hornigold may not be a household name, but he was an important pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy. He saw himself as the protector of the pirate safe haven in Nassau. As the world of piracy changed, so did he. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Sources: https://legendsfromhistory.com/who-was-benjamin-hornigold-the-pirate-who-became-a-feared-pirate-hunter/?amp=1 https://www.worldhistory.org/Benjamin_Hornigold/ https://www.britannica.com/event/War-of-the-Spanish-Succession https://youtu.be/MhqDYhTEbtQ?si=gNq7uCv7yK_WkxKv Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-toes/ohio License code: G2BGKI9GTRMK2PYE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

William grew up poor in Scotland. Not much is known about his early, but eventually he became a privateer. Due to unfortunate circumstances William had to become what he never wanted to be...a pirate. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Sources: https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofScotland/Captain-William-Kidd/ https://www.biography.com/history-culture/william-kidd https://www.worldhistory.org/Captain_Kidd/ https://www.blacksheepancestors.com/international/captian-william-kidd-pirate-1645-1701/ https://youtu.be/UDkNR3nOG-k Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/celtic-impulse License code: 2T4ZHQG9TXWI8GJU Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/aaron-paul-low/whispers-in-the-dark License code: KDHRJMU8LTSNYI9Z Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms License code: 4UDHMM3DIBW1SCRC Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/cruising-altitude-lake-isabel License code: ISRRDTMDI74VRJM3 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/clemens-ruh/shape-your-dreams License code: MU7ZUIWZLIBYJATK Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/studiokolomna/corsairs License code: WCJHRCUSICX1HBB5 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters License code: PNSRA61GJGVZXLHH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Koxinga was a man of many names. He was Fukumatsu, Zheng Sen, Zheng Chenggong, and the name he best known as is Koxinga. He is father was a famous pirate that ruled a pirate empire. Koxinga was born in Japan, but spent most of his life in China. He was fiercely loyal to the Ming dynasty. He was so loyal that he would risk it all to defend them. He was a mere man, but today he is seen as a god in China and Taiwan. Content Warnings: 13:10 - 13:17 16:14 - 16:17 23:13 - 23:40 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zheng-Zhilong https://www.britannica.com/biography/Zheng-Chenggong https://islandfolklore.com/the-pirate-king/ https://academic.mu.edu/meissnerd/koxinga.html https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1860715_1860714_1860708,00.html https://www.badassoftheweek.com/koxinga https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/ming.htm https://youtu.be/STXXtuoohXE Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-gienger/inner-temple License code: CAXNYBW2W1M6EGWN

Grace O'Malley was actually named Gráinne Ní Mháille. She came from Gaelic nobility and yearned to be at sea from a young age and she didn't stop her pirate ways until she was about 70. There is a reason that she is called the Irish Pirate Queen. Content Warning: 11:03 - 11:07 Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://www.irishpost.com/life-style/irelands-pirate-queen-twelve-fascinating-facts-about-legendary-grace-omalley-129406 https://www.worldhistory.org/Grace_O'Malley/ https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/grace-o-malley-irish-female-pirate http://www.graceomalley.com/index.php/grace-omalley/time-line https://youtu.be/IIp6doZ-jHw https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_O'Malley Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/autumn-later License code: YK4LBB5ZYPODNEZC Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/folk-round License code: 9XFQIOWGTEFOD1N4 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/celtic-impulse License code: 2T4ZHQG9TXWI8GJU Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/galway License code: VJOZBRNEIDAK34TX Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/achaidh-cheide License code: 2XX4CKV5ITUDOM0L Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/hidden-past License code: JGLAZ62ASMGIEDCP

Eric of Pomerania had a wild life. He was born a son of a duke, but he was crowned king of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden at a young age. But he didn't die a king. After he was king he became a pirate. He would go on to die a duke. I told you it was a wild life! Content Warning: 30:30 - 30:43 Riverside link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Erik-VII https://flatpackhistorysweden.podbean.com/page/10/ https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/margaret-i-denmark-1353-1412 http://cupboardworld.blogspot.com/2013/12/the-royal-mistress-blamed-for-kings.html https://www.unofficialroyalty.com/philippa-of-england-queen-of-denmark-sweden-and-norway/ http://www.1066.co.nz/Mosaic%20DVD/whoswho/sweden/Eric%20of%20Pomerania.htm https://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/01/07/eric-of-pomerania/ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Engelbrekt-Engelbrektsson Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/ages-ago License code: Z9HDMHJKJDYB3HCL Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/songs-of-iceland License code: DIKD0OY2GRQBW30J Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/presence License code: 9MI8VVA8MXPXZAXI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/matt-stewart-evans/neighbourhood-oddities License code: BXIS21O6BO3YSYAP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/store-away-for-a-winters-day License code: LZVITOAYURZCWJMP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Jeanne de Clisson was a happily married woman in 14th century. When her husband was unjustly executed she went from happy wife to vengeful pirate. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://www.byarcadia.org/post/jeanne-de-clisson-the-lioness-of-brittany-and-her-black-fleet https://www.badassoftheweek.com/jeannedeclissone https://thehundredyearswar.co.uk/jeanne-de-clisson-the-lioness-of-brittany/ https://www.rejectedprincesses.com/princesses/jeanne-de-clisson https://guides.loc.gov/feminism-french-women-history/famous/Jeanne-de-Clisson https://www.qaronline.org/blog/2021-01-20/pirate-profile-jeanne-de-clisson https://www.factinate.com/people/34-vengeful-facts-about-jeanne-de-clisson-the-lioness-of-brittany/ https://open.spotify.com/episode/6ZiGpYHSpPEF9tiaqLOeYR Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/ages-ago License code: Z9HDMHJKJDYB3HCL Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/albert-behar/the-waltz-from-beyond License code: AQIEKDVWRUPNTYGF Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-toes/ohio License code: G2BGKI9GTRMK2PYE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Leatherlips was a Wyandot chief that lived in Dublin, Ohio in the 18th and 19th centuries. He was great friends with white settlers. He helped create the state of Ohio. Because of his friendship with white settlers his own people accused him of witchcraft. Content Warnings: 21:36 - 21:50 26:06 - 26:36 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Wyandot_Indians https://wyandotte-nation.org/culture/ https://www.firstpeople.us/FP-Html-Legends/Huron-Creation-Myth-Wyandot.html https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=72957 https://www.roadsideamerica.com/story/9791 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-toes/ohio License code: G2BGKI9GTRMK2PYE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/the-cloud-councils-quarterly-meeting License code: HLFTBNQOBULETI6R Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/to-wither-away License code: 9LAYSXBBWMJTYEWE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sanchii/aurora License code: SL8X4JDYQINTOM6A Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall License code: J9XBEDNNNJ4JGFIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters License code: PNSRA61GJGVZXLHH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Giles Corey was one of the victims of the Salem witch trials. He was a stubborn man all the way to the very end. He refused to plea guilty or not guilty and he paid for that decision. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my Sources: https://salem.lib.virginia.edu/people/gilescorey.html http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/salem/SAL_BCOR.HTM https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/a-brief-history-of-the-salem-witch-trials-175162489/ https://blogs.loc.gov/law/2020/08/evidence-from-invisible-worlds-in-salem/ https://daily.jstor.org/caused-salem-witch-trials/ https://famous-trials.com/salem https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/massachusetts/curse-salem-ma/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPGMusic from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/never-alone License code: OSWQLT91EGBIPUK8 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-reworkMusic from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Catherine Monvoisin was a fortune teller that provided people of Paris, France with many services. She sold spells, potions, cosmetics, and poisons. She (possibly) provided abortions and arranged sacrilegious ceremonies that (possibly) required the sacrifice of a baby. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://partylike1660.com/catherine-monvoisin-fortune-teller-sorceress-and-poisoner/ https://www.wondersandmarvels.com/2009/08/the-affair-of-the-poisons.html http://scihi.org/affair-poisons-voisin/ https://vulgarhistory.com/2021/10/28/halloween-super-special-catherine-monvoisin-aka-la-voisin/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Malin Matsdotter was the last victim of The Great Noise witch hysteria that swept over Sweden in the 17th century. Malin was a poor widow. Her first husband was executed for having sex...with a cow. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malin_Matsdotter https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/the-witch-bitch-amateur-hour/id1398452484 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/danijel-zambo/silhouette License code: IES3E0XILHMZOMSB Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Brita Zippel was a woman in 17th century Sweden that was accused of witchcraft by children... including her own. Brita was a woman that didn't get along with many people and she fought till her dying breath. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brita_Zippel https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A4vle_Boy https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockula Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sonder-house/chess-amity-fall License code: J9XBEDNNNJ4JGFIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/soon-this-will-all-be-sea License code: JMIV8NL5UBBWPU1D Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

John Middleton was a man that lived in Bermuda in the 17th century. His wife accused him of witchcraft. Many others would go on to believe that he was a witch... including himself. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Fiverr: https://www.fiverr.com/kortney_jewell/advertise-for-you-on-my-podcast Sources: https://esoterx.com/2016/06/23/john-middleton-the-accidental-warlock/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/sky-toes/ohio License code: G2BGKI9GTRMK2PYE Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/a-gift License code: QWWUFPRUZK2LDW8T Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Sidonia von Borcke was a"difficult woman". She spent a good part of her life involved in multiple feuds and conflicts. She was once called a "poisonous snake". Her last feud would lead to her undoing. Content Warning: 10:13 -10:17 12:20 - 12:24 Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Sources: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidonia_von_Borcke Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Agnes Sampson was one of the many victims of the North Berwick witch trials. She was the victim of extreme torture and humiliation. Content Warning: 6:39 - 8:30 Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Sources: https://www.mentalfloss.com/posts/agnes-sampson-king-james-witch-trials https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/devils-mark https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/agnes_sampson https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/crime/the-lives-and-deaths-of-east-lothian-women-accused-of-being-witches-3601002 https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/criminalia/id1503557247 https://engole.info/agnes-sampson/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/twilight License code: HBVIY8MNPOQ7JL2O Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Ursula Kemp was a healer and midwife during the 16th century. She was alive when midwife was considered just another name for witch. She found herself in a feud with a neighbor and soon became a victim of a man out to make a name for himself. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Sources: https://occult-world.com/st-osyth-witches/ https://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/occult/ursula-kemp-and-the-st-osyths-witches/ https://www.essexvoicespast.com/brian-darcy-the-witchfinder-of-elizabethan-essex/ https://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/11/prweb8974277.htm https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/criminalia/id1503557247 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/two-acres License code: Z2D2IJSUTQ3D1OSS Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Thomas Doughty was many things in his life, but being friends with fellow explorer Sir Francis Drake would have the most impact on his life. Something happened when both men where on the open water. Friends became enemies. The last voyage Thomas took had deadly consequences. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch Store: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Sources: https://englishhistoryauthors.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-execution-of-thomas-doughty-by.html https://www.liquisearch.com/thomas_doughty_explorer/aftermath_and_analysis https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Sir-Francis-Drake/ Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/ways-of-man License code: SWKY3TMIIOHJDONI Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/store-away-for-a-winters-day License code: LZVITOAYURZCWJMP Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ak/bankruptcy License code: SARDBT6YOVUGEFW1 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/in-the-silence License code: XKBTZXYU3RCQKLPG Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/brock-hewitt-stories-in-sound/living-waters License code: PNSRA61GJGVZXLHH Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Agnes Waterhouse was a woman in 16th century England that was accused of witchcraft by a woman named Elizabeth Francis. A pamphlet written in 1579 revealed that Agnes and Elizabeth had an interesting connection to one another. Riverside Link:' https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Content Warning: 8:45 - 9:12. History Shelf Merch: history-shelf.creator-spring.com. Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast Sources: http://www.essexrecordofficeblog.co.uk/the-trial-of-agnes-waterhouse-witchcraft-in-essex-1566/ https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/agnes-waterhouse-first-woman-executed-witchcraft-england-005747 Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/cory-alstad/where-it-all-began License code: LX0Q2GUP5ZGVOEHM. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/adi-goldstein/light-leak License code: Q3UKFW1EOPOPICTJ. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/pecan-pie/what-we-became License code: N495EDFQVKNZI9C9. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms License code: 4UDHMM3DIBW1SCRC. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Gentile Budrioli was smart and ahead of her time. She was a gifted healer and many turned to her for help in 15th century Italy. Gentile became great friends with the wife of the ruler of Bologna. That friendship would lead to her death. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Sources: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentile_Budrioli. History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast. Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code: BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ceridwen-mccooey/the-nightingale License code: FYSTVRXPBJZACQDW Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6

Agnes Bernauer was possibly the first wife of Albert III, Duke of Bavaria. Albert and Agnes were madly in love, but not everyone at court in Munich was in love with Agnes like Albert was. Agnes came from a poor family and many at court thought that because she was poor she wasn't good enough for the future Duke of Bavaria. Some hated her so much that they would even accuse her of witchcraft. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 History Shelf Merch: https://history-shelf.creator-spring.com/ Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/HistoryShelfPodcast. Sources: http://scihi.org/agnes-bernauer/ https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bernauer-agnes-d-1435. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Agnes-Bernauer. https://m.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76443 https://www.barthbakery.com/post/agnes-bernauer-torte. https://www.panoidl.com/sol/agnesbernauer. (This is Agnes Bernauer solitaire) Music: Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/anna-yarbrough/an-old-hymnbook License code: VUCGYNPKEJLOMAFD Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/arend/lavender License code: ZAEKPSPTRH9YMZIR. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/ben-mcelroy/lighthouse License code:https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework BWE7O8D6DT0DYLRH. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/roman/nocturne License code: WGOE8AUDJMRBKD41. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/jonny-easton/soul-blossoms License code: 4UDHMM3DIBW1SCRC. Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/luke-moseley/fall License code: YJCTNRSWDUKRQAJ6 Music from #Uppbeat (free for Creators!): https://uppbeat.io/t/orange-and-mountains/rivali-simeon-walker-rework License code: FIYRTLKQNZXVMCWD

Dame Alice Kyteler was a wealthy woman in 13th and 14th century Ireland. People started to talk when her rich husbands started dying. Was Alice a grieving widow or a black widow? An overzealous bishop was determined to find out. When her room was searched authorities believed they found evidence that she was a witch, but what they found could have possibly just been a dildo. So was Alice a witch or was she just horny? Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Music: https://freemusicarchive.org/music/plasticine-cowboy/ https://freemusicarchive.org/music/crowander/ https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/folk-round. https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/hidden-past. https://uppbeat.io/t/kevin-macleod/celtic-impulse. Sources: https://www.historickilkenny.com/alice-kyteler. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25506106. https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-important-events/alice-kyteler-0010954. https://www.historyireland.com/the-sorcery-trial-of-alice-kyteler-by-bernadette-williams/

Liu Ju was an outspoken crown prince. His father was Emperor Wu. Emperor Wu was convinced that people were using witchcraft against him. He started a bloody witch hunt in 91 BC. During this witch hunt no one was safe...not even his own children. Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Content Warning Times: 14:00 - 14:02 17:14 - 17:20 18: 24 - 18:26 Sources: https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Emperor_Wu_of_Han. https://dbpedia.org/page/Liu_Ju

Elizabeth Tudor was never supposed to wear the crown. She was third in line for the throne and King Henry VIII declared her illegitimate. But after her half-sister Mary died Elizabeth was next in line. Elizabeth would make a England a world power and bring England into what is known as the Golden Age. Content warning end: 13:55 Riverside Link: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_2&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=historyshelf Amazon Link: https://www.amazon.com/b/?node=11601506011&_encoding=UTF8&linkCode=ib1&tag=kortney0c-20&linkId=3d61959f57d3bc0c303494faf049bc56&ref_=ihub_curatedcontent_10d9c051-58f5-4648-8cab-a22034de7c13 Sources: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Elizabeth-I/Accession. https://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/tudor-england/elizabeth-i-and-the-catholic-church/ https://www.historyhit.com/suitors-of-elizabeth-i/ https://www.agecrofthall.org/single-post/queen-elizabeth-i-s-education. https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/answer-sheet/post/who-is-the-most-educated-english-queen/2011/04/28/AF78i49E_blog.html. https://www.royalhistorygeeks.com/the-woman-in-the-ring/ https://thehistoryofengland.co.uk/resource/anne-of-cleves-and-elizabeth-i-by-leah-garden/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/royal-scandal-rocked-elizabeth-i-teenage-years-starz-180980199/ https://www.worldhistory.org/Wyatt_Rebellion/ https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/john-dee#:~:text=John%20Dee%20(1527%E2%80%931608%2F,called%20him%20'my%20philosopher'. https://englishhistory.net/tudor/act-of-supremacy/ http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/siege_le_havre_1563.html. https://www.tudorsociety.com/18-february-the-ridolfi-plot-against-elizabeth-i/ https://www.tutor2u.net/history/reference/the-throckmorton-plot-1583. https://www.tutor2u.net/history/reference/the-babington-plot-1586. https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/queen-elizabeth-speech-troops-tilbury