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Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution

Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution

By Liam Connerly

Latin in Layman’s gives you the ability to understand and command language in a whole new respect. Join a typical grammarian and classicist as I expand your vocabulary, understanding of grammar, Etymology, terminology (i.e. legal, medical, botanical, etc.), and so much more. I also utilize this platform to expand on greater thoughts of mine, as well as discussing the importance of language and the promotion of "The Language Revival" (as I like to call it...) Thank you for your interested in knowledge, language acquisition, the command of one's own language, and the understanding of the world.
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Post-Apocalyptic & Radiation Words: Etymology and Definitions

Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric RevolutionApr 25, 2024

00:00
20:50
Post-Apocalyptic & Radiation Words: Etymology and Definitions

Post-Apocalyptic & Radiation Words: Etymology and Definitions

My links:

My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827

My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution

Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly

TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠

Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/

Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92

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Fallout:

  • Fallout (n.): Radioactive debris from a nuclear explosion ([Latin] fallout: "a falling out").
  • Detonation (n.): The sudden, violent explosion of a bomb ([Latin] detonare: "to thunder out").
  • Nuclear (adj.): Of or relating to the nucleus of an atom ([Latin] nucleus: "kernel").
  • Fission (n.): The splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy ([Latin] fissio: "a cleaving").
  • Mushroom Cloud (n.): The distinctive cloud formed by a nuclear explosion, resembling a mushroom ([Latin] mushrum: "fungus").

Post-Apocalyptic:

  • Post-Apocalyptic (adj.): Occurring after a large-scale societal collapse ([Greek] apokalypsis: "uncovering, revelation" + [Latin] post: "after").
  • Apocalypse (n.): A catastrophic event that brings about the end of civilization as we know it.
  • Dystopia (n.): An imagined future society characterized by authoritarian control, oppression, poverty, and misery ([Greek] dys: "bad, ill" + topos: "place").
  • Wasteland (n.): A barren, desolate area of land ([Old English] wēste: "desert, waste" + land).
  • Scavenger (n.): Someone who searches for and collects discarded objects ([Old French] escavanger: "to dig out").

Radiation:

  • Radiation (n.): The emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as particles ([Latin] radiare: "to emit rays").
  • Radioactive (adj.): Exhibiting the property of radioactivity ([Latin] radiare + activus: "active").
  • Radioactivity (n.): The spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei, releasing energy in the form of radiation.
  • Isotope (n.): Atoms of an element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons ([Greek] isos: "equal" + topos).
  • Half-Life (n.): The time it takes for a quantity of a radioactive material to decrease by half ([Old English] half + līf: "life, duration").

Other Related Words:

  • Mutation (n.): A permanent change in the genetic material of a cell or organism ([Latin] mutare: "to change").
  • Dosimeter (n.): An instrument that measures the amount of ionizing radiation a person or object has been exposed to ([Greek] dosis: "a giving" + metron: "measure").
  • Mutant (n.): An organism with a mutation in its genetic material ([Latin] mutare + -ant: "one who does something").
  • Contamination (n.): The pollution of something by a harmful substance ([Latin] contaminare: "to defile, to sully").
  • Survival (n.): The act of continuing to live or exist, often after a period of danger or difficulty ([Latin] supervivere: "to live beyond").
Apr 25, 202420:50
Applying Latin and Greek Prefixes and Suffixes to Medical Nomenclature

Applying Latin and Greek Prefixes and Suffixes to Medical Nomenclature

Apr 24, 202424:24
A list of Latin and Greek Prefixes to implement in later episodes (w/ mainly Medical Nomenclature) | Tons of information

A list of Latin and Greek Prefixes to implement in later episodes (w/ mainly Medical Nomenclature) | Tons of information

Latin Prefixes

*Hook Word (mnemonic for memorization)

  1. A-, Ab-; away from

    1. Absent (word hook)

  2. Ad-; to, towards

    1. addition

  3. Ambi- (Ambo-, amb-, am-, an-); around, on both sides

    1. ambivalent

  4. Ante-; before, forward

    1. antebellum

  5. Antero-, anterior; before, front or forward part (Anterior)

    1. (see: antero-)

  6. Bi- (bis-, bin-); twice

    1. Bicycle

  7. Circum-; around

    1. circumference

  8. Contra- (Counter- often before vowels); against, opposite

    1. contraindicated 

  9. De-; down from, away

    1. deficient  

  10. Extra-, extro-; beyond, on the other side, outer (extrapulmonary, extraligamentous)

    1. external, extraordinary 

  11. Infra-; below, lower (Inferior, infraspinatus, infrascapular, infracostal)

    1. Inferior

  12. Inter-; between (intervascular, interosseous)

    1. interloper

  13.  Intra-; within, inside, during (intracervical)

    1. Intra-racism 

  14. Juxta-; beside (juxtarticular, juxtaspinal)

    1. Juxtaposition

  15. Ob- (o-, oc-, op-); against, in the way, facing (occiput)

    1. object, objective

  16. Post-; after, behind (Posterior, Postcerebral, postnatal)

    1. poster

  17. Postero-; behind (Posterior, posterolateral, posterosuperior)

    1. postscript

  18. Prae- (pre); before, in front of (precordium)

    1. preclude 

  19. Retro-; backward, behind (retroflexion, retronasal)

    1. retrograde

  20. Semi-; half (semiorbicular)

    1. semicircle

  21. Sub- (suc-, suf-, sup, sus-); under, below, near, somewhat (subdorsal, subcutis)

    1. submarine 

  22. Super- (sur-); over, above (Superior)

    1. superior

  23. Supra-; Above, upon (supra-axillary, supraspinatus, suprapelvic)

    1. (see: super-)

  24. Trans- (often tran- before ‘s’); across, through (Transverse, transverse Abdominous, tranverse plane)

    1. Transcript 

  25. Ultra-, ultro-; beyond, excessive (ultraligation, ultrasetaceous)

    1. ultra-runner, ultraviolet

Greek Prefixes

  1. An, A-; not, without (anemia)

    1. absent

  2. Amphi-; around about (amphibian)

    1. amphibian

  3. Ana-, ano-; up, back, again (aneurysm)

    1. analysis

  4. Anti- (anth-); against, resisting

    1. antagonist

  5. Apo-; from, separation (apostasies: STA- “to stand”)

    1. apostle

  6. Arche-, archi-; first, chief (archiplasm)

    1. architype

  7. Cata- (cath-) or kata-; down, lower, under (catabolic)

    1. catastrophe

  8. Di-; twice, twofold (dimorphic)

    1. diameter (two radii)

  9. Dia-; through, across, apart (diameter, diagnosis)

    1. diameter

  10. Dicha-; in two, double (dichotomy)

    1. dichotomy

  11. Dys-; bad, difficult, hard, disordered (dysfunction)

    1. dysfunction

  12. Ek-, ex-; out form, outside (exophthalamus)

    1. eccentric

  13. Ekto-; without, on the outside (ectomere, ectopia)

    1. (see: ek-, ex-)

  14. En- (em-); in, within, among (endemic)

    1. energy

  15. Endo-; within (endothelium)

    1. endocrine

  16. Ento-; within (entotic: OT- “ear”)

    1. entropic (see: endo-) 

  17. Epi-; upon, on (epidermis)

    1. epidemic

  18. Eso-; inward, within (esotropic, esotoxin)

    1. esoteric

  19. Eu-; we, good, normal (eugenics)

    1. euphony

  20. Exo-; outside, outward, outer (exocolitis)

    1. exotic

  21. Hemi-; half, partly (hemialgia: ALGOS – “pain”)

    1. hemisphere

  22. Hyper-; above, over, excessive (hyperemic, hypertrophy)

    1. hyperactive

  23. Hypo-; low, under, below (hyponatremia) 

    1. hypocrite

  24. Meta-, (meth-); after, among, beyond, behind (metacarpal: KARPOS – “wrist”)

    1. metaphysical, metaphor, method

  25. Opistho-; behind (opithognathism) 

    1. optic

  26. Pali(n)-; back, again, once more (palikinesia: KINE – “movement”)

    1. palindrome 

  27. Para-; by the side of, near (paranoia: NOOS, “mind”)

    1. paranoia

  28. Peri-; around (periosteum)

    1. Periodontal (bone or tissue AROUND tooth)

  29. Pro-; before, in front of, forward (prophase)

    1. professional

  30. Pros-; to, in addition, near (prosencephalon: ENCEPHALON, brain)

    1. prosthetic

  31. Proso-, prostho-; forward, before, in front of (prosoplasia)

    1. prosthetic 


My links:

My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827

My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution

Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly

TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠

Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/

Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92

Gut Guardian Discount Code: https://www.feelgoods.co/discount/LIAM64728

Apr 23, 202424:28
Just etymologizing words for the sake of it! (Words in show notes)

Just etymologizing words for the sake of it! (Words in show notes)

My links:

My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827

My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution

Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly

TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠

Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/

Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92

Gut Guardian Discount Code: https://www.feelgoods.co/discount/LIAM64728

"Pathos" (-pathy) is a Greek word that means "suffering" or "experience/feeling." Here are some words that are derived from it:

Empathy: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person. Etymologically, "empathy" comes from the Greek "empatheia," which means "passion" or "state of emotion."

Sympathy: feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune. Etymologically, "sympathy" comes from the Greek "sympatheia," which means "feeling with someone else."

“sym-/syl-/syn-” = “together/with”

syllable 

Synonym

“Homo” - “same”; 

homonym-

  • Bat (baseball)

  • Bat (creature)

Pathetic: evoking feelings of pity, sadness, or sorrow. Etymologically, "pathetic" comes from the Greek "pathetikos," which means "capable of feeling."

Pathology: the study of diseases and their effects. Etymologically, "pathology" comes from the Greek "pathologia," which means "study of suffering."

  1. -OLOGY; 

    1. Biology - “the study of life”

    2. Scientology - “the study of knowing” 

    3. Science

      1. Conscientious - “with what’s known”

      2. Con-artist

      3. Connotation

      4. Connect - “bound with/together”

Apathy: lack of interest, enthusiasm, or emotion. Etymologically, "apathy" comes from the Greek "apatheia," which means "freedom from suffering."

“a-/ab” - “without” + “feeling” 

Antipathy: a strong feeling of dislike or aversion towards someone or something. Comes from the Greek roots "anti" (against) and "pathos."

Pathetic fallacy: a literary device in which inanimate objects are given human emotions or characteristics to reflect the mood of a scene. Comes from the Greek roots "pathos" and "phallos" (deception).

Empathetic: the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person. Comes from the Greek roots "em" (in) and "pathos."

Pathogen: a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease. Comes from the Greek roots "pathos" and "gen" (to produce).

Genos (n.) - “type,class,clan”

Generation

Geneology

Gender

Pathognomonic: a symptom or sign that is characteristic of a particular disease. Comes from the Greek roots "pathos" and "gnomon" (indicator).

Sympathetic: showing or feeling concern for someone else's suffering. Comes from the Greek roots "syn" (together) and "pathos."

Apathetic: showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern. Comes from the Greek roots "a" (not) and "pathos."

These words all have their roots in the Greek word "pathos," but they have taken on different meanings and connotations over time. Despite their differences, they all share a common thread of emotion and feeling

Apr 22, 202418:02
Echo and Narcissus | A diving further into its etiological implications

Echo and Narcissus | A diving further into its etiological implications

Apr 21, 202420:41
The myth of Perseus and Andromeda | The power of love and sacrifice

The myth of Perseus and Andromeda | The power of love and sacrifice

Apr 21, 202414:32
Etymology of "THESIS" and "KINESIS" | From positions to movements

Etymology of "THESIS" and "KINESIS" | From positions to movements

Apr 19, 202411:31
Etymology of "SYN-/SYL-/SYM-" | Greek's preposition "together/with"

Etymology of "SYN-/SYL-/SYM-" | Greek's preposition "together/with"

Apr 19, 202414:27
Etymologizing words associate with love, friendship, philos, and more! | Feat. Heated Ramble-Bamble in-lue of an intro

Etymologizing words associate with love, friendship, philos, and more! | Feat. Heated Ramble-Bamble in-lue of an intro

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728 __________________________________________________ Romance Definition: A feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love. Etymology: From Old French "romans" meaning "verse narrative," from Vulgar Latin "romanice," literally "in the Roman language," hence "in the vernacular language," as opposed to "in Latin." Ultimately derived from Latin "Romanus," meaning "Roman." Amour Definition: French for love; a romantic attachment or love affair. Etymology: From Old French "amor," from Latin "amor," meaning "love." Eros Definition: In Greek mythology, Eros is the god of love, representing sexual desire and passion. Etymology: From Greek "Eros," meaning "sexual love." Agape Definition: Unconditional love, often associated with spiritual or selfless love. Etymology: From Greek "agape," meaning "love." Philos Definition: A type of love characterized by friendship and affection. Etymology: From Greek "philos," meaning "dear, beloved." Limerence Definition: The state of being infatuated or obsessed with another person, typically experienced as intense romantic attraction. Etymology: Coined by psychologist Dorothy Tennov in the 1970s, derived from the name of the Irish town Limerick. Yearning Definition: A feeling of intense longing or desire, especially for something unattainable or distant. Etymology: From Old English "gearnian," meaning "to long after," ultimately from Proto-Germanic "gernijaną." Saudade Definition: A Portuguese word describing a deep emotional state of longing or nostalgia, often accompanied by melancholy. Etymology: From Portuguese "saudade," of uncertain origin. Pining Definition: To suffer a lingering, often nostalgic, affection or longing. Etymology: From Middle English "pyne," meaning "pain, torment," ultimately from Old English "pīn." Inamorata Definition: A woman with whom one is in love or has an intimate romantic relationship. Etymology: From Italian "innamorata," the feminine form of "innamorato," meaning "enamored." Paramour Definition: A lover, especially one who is not married to the object of their affection. Etymology: From Old French "par amour," meaning "by love." Ephemeral Definition: Lasting for a very short time; transient. Etymology: From Greek "epi," meaning "upon" or "for" + "hemera," meaning "day," suggesting something lasting only for a day. Melancholy Definition: A feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause. Etymology: From Middle English "melancolie," from Old French "melancolie," from Late Latin "melancholia," from Greek "melancholia," meaning "sadness." Cupid Definition: In Roman mythology, the god of love, often portrayed as a winged, chubby boy with a bow and arrows. Etymology: From Latin "cupido," meaning "desire" or "passion." Desire Definition: A strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. Etymology: From Latin "desiderare," meaning "long for, wish for." Longing Definition: A strong feeling of wanting something or someone, often accompanied by sadness or dissatisfaction. Etymology: From Middle English "longen," meaning "to belong." Yearn Definition: To have an intense feeling of longing for something, typically something that one has lost or been separated from. Etymology: From Old English "gearnian," meaning "to desire, to long for."
Apr 19, 202432:48
Easter, Religious, and Evangelical Etymology | Happy Easter Omnes!

Easter, Religious, and Evangelical Etymology | Happy Easter Omnes!

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728 Resurrection: Etymology: "Resurrection" is derived from the Latin word "resurrectio," which combines "re-" (again) and "surrectio" (rising), ultimately from the Latin verb "surgere" (to rise). Definition: Resurrection refers to the belief in the rising of Jesus Christ from the dead, or more broadly, the concept of coming back to life after death. Liturgy: Etymology: "Liturgy" is derived from the Greek word "leitourgia," meaning "public service" or "the work of the people," from "leitos" (public) and "ergon" (work). Definition: Liturgy refers to the prescribed form of public worship or religious service, especially in Christian traditions. Sacrament: Etymology: "Sacrament" comes from the Latin word "sacramentum," meaning "a solemn oath" or "a sacred rite," possibly derived from "sacrare" (to consecrate). Definition: A sacrament is a religious ceremony or ritual regarded as outward and visible signs of inward and spiritual grace, particularly in Christianity. Doctrine: Etymology: "Doctrine" is derived from the Latin word "doctrina," meaning "teaching" or "instruction," from "doctor" (teacher). Definition: Doctrine refers to a set of beliefs or principles taught and maintained by a religious, political, or philosophical group. Catechism: Etymology: "Catechism" is derived from the Greek word "katekhizein," meaning "to instruct orally," and the suffix "-ism," indicating a system, belief, or practice. Definition: A catechism is a summary of religious doctrine often in the form of questions and answers, used for instruction, especially in preparation for confirmation or baptism. Epiphany: Etymology: "Epiphany" is derived from the Greek word "epiphaneia," meaning "manifestation" or "appearance," from "epi" (upon) and "phainein" (to show). Definition: Epiphany refers to the Christian feast day commemorating the revelation of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles, represented by the visit of the Magi, or more broadly, a sudden realization or insight. Redemption: Etymology: "Redemption" is derived from the Latin word "redemptio," meaning "a buying back" or "ransom," from "redimere" (to buy back). Definition: Redemption refers to the act of saving or delivering from sin, evil, or suffering, particularly in Christian theology through the atonement of Jesus Christ.
Apr 19, 202421:52
On the Myth of Sisyphus | Was his trickery hubris?

On the Myth of Sisyphus | Was his trickery hubris?

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728
Apr 19, 202423:20
The Abduction of Persephone | The reminders of duality in this life

The Abduction of Persephone | The reminders of duality in this life

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728 In a time shrouded in the mists of myth, where mortals and gods walked hand in hand, bloomed Persephone, daughter of Demeter, the goddess of harvest. Her laughter echoed through sun-drenched fields, her smile brighter than the noonday sun. Amongst meadows bursting with life, she danced with nymphs, her beauty rivaling the blooming flora. One day, as Persephone wove a crown of wildflowers, the earth split open. From the abyss, emerged Hades, the somber god of the underworld. His chariot, drawn by ebony steeds, cast an unsettling shadow on the vibrant landscape. Before Persephone could scream, Hades, captivated by her beauty, swept her into his chariot and vanished into the depths of the earth. Demeter, sensing a terrible loss, searched high and low for her daughter. The once fertile fields withered under her grief, crops failing, and a chill settling upon the land. Helios, the sun god, witnessed the descent but dared not defy Hades. Days bled into weeks, then months, Demeter's cries unanswered. In her despair, she neglected her divine duty, plunging the world into a desolate winter. On Mount Olympus, the other gods trembled under Demeter's wrath. The world, deprived of life-giving harvests, teetered on the brink of chaos. Zeus, the king of gods, intervened. He dispatched Hermes, the swift messenger, to the underworld, demanding Persephone's return. Hades, however, presented a cunning challenge. Unknown to Persephone, he had tricked her into eating a pomegranate seed, the fruit of the underworld, binding her to his realm. A compromise was struck – Persephone would spend six months with Hades, the underworld blooming in her presence, and six months with Demeter, bringing life back to the earthly plane. And so, the cycle began. Spring bloomed with Persephone's return, summer thrived in her joyful presence. But as autumn painted the leaves, a melancholic yearning settled within her. With each descent, a single pomegranate seed lingered in her stomach, a bittersweet reminder of her dual life.
Apr 19, 202427:09
On feeling seen | Addressing a question via voice message!

On feeling seen | Addressing a question via voice message!

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The Amazons | On the dangers of isolating one's mind and importance of the understanding between differing cultures

The Amazons | On the dangers of isolating one's mind and importance of the understanding between differing cultures

Apr 18, 202427:41
On the dangers of ignoring inconvenient truths | The myth of Cassandra and Apollo

On the dangers of ignoring inconvenient truths | The myth of Cassandra and Apollo

Apr 16, 202425:10
The myth of Jupiter and the Bee

The myth of Jupiter and the Bee

Apr 15, 202416:38
We always find a way | The Myth of Heracles

We always find a way | The Myth of Heracles

Apr 11, 202418:17
The Myth of Scylla and Charybdis | Charting our course through the turbulent seas of life

The Myth of Scylla and Charybdis | Charting our course through the turbulent seas of life

Apr 11, 202411:45
Cognates & Derivatives from "METRON"

Cognates & Derivatives from "METRON"

Apr 10, 202408:53
Etymologizing the Greek Root "TELE-"

Etymologizing the Greek Root "TELE-"

Apr 09, 202410:42
Exploring the intricacies of King Midas | On being a giver vs. a taker

Exploring the intricacies of King Midas | On being a giver vs. a taker

Apr 09, 202416:26
Cognates, derivatives, and history on Greek's root word "TROPOS"

Cognates, derivatives, and history on Greek's root word "TROPOS"

Apr 07, 202412:02
Etymologizing he Latin verb "fero, ferre, tuli, latum" | A highly versatile and irregular verb that means "to bear" or "to carry"

Etymologizing he Latin verb "fero, ferre, tuli, latum" | A highly versatile and irregular verb that means "to bear" or "to carry"

My links:

My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827

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Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly

TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠

Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠

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Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92

Gut Guardian Discount Code: LIAM64728


Inferior: Below or lower in position. In anatomy, it refers to structures situated toward the feet or tail.

Etymology: From Latin "inferus," meaning low or below.

Suffer: To endure or experience pain, injury, or distress.

Etymology: From Latin "sufferre," composed of "sub-" (under) and "ferre" (to bear).

Transfer: To move or convey from one place to another.

Etymology: From Latin "transferre," composed of "trans-" (across) and "ferre" (to bear).

Reference: Something that refers or relates to another thing.

Etymology: From Latin "referre," composed of "re-" (back) and "ferre" (to bear).

Confer: To compare or consult with others.

Etymology: From Latin "conferre," composed of "cum" (with) and "ferre" (to bear).

Deferent Duct: Part of the male reproductive system that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

Etymology: "Deferent" comes from Latin "deferens," present participle of "deferre" (to carry away).

Efferent: Carrying away from a central organ or structure.

Etymology: From Latin "efferens," present participle of "efferre" (to carry out).

Ferrous: Relating to iron, often used in the context of iron-containing compounds.

Etymology: From Latin "ferrum," meaning iron.

Translation: The process of converting genetic information from mRNA to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis.

Etymology: From Latin "translatio," meaning carrying across.

Proliferate: To multiply or increase rapidly.

Etymology: From Latin "prolifer," combining "proles" (offspring) and "ferre" (to bear).

Circumference: The boundary of a circular area.

Etymology: From Latin "circumferentia," composed of "circum" (around) and "ferre" (to bear).

Pestiferous: Carrying or bringing disease.

Etymology: From Latin "pestifer," combining "pestis" (plague) and "ferre" (to bear).

Luciferase: An enzyme that produces light, often used in bioluminescent assays.

Etymology: From Latin "lucifer," combining "lux" (light) and "ferre" (to bear).

Sulfuriferous: Carrying or containing sulfur.

Etymology: From Latin "sulfur" (sulfur) and "ferre" (to bear).

Fertile: Capable of bearing offspring or producing abundant crops.

Etymology: From Latin "fertilis," derived from "ferre" (to bear).


Apr 06, 202420:18
Etymologizing Everything about Greek's "plasia/plassein" | "To shape, form, grow"

Etymologizing Everything about Greek's "plasia/plassein" | "To shape, form, grow"

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Plasticity: The quality or condition of being pliable or moldable, often used to refer to brain plasticity. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plastic: Any synthetic material composed of polymers that can be molded into various shapes and forms. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasterer: A worker who applies plaster or plasterboard to interior walls and ceilings. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasmon: A collective oscillation of free electrons in a metal or other conductor. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasticize: To make a material more plastic or pliable. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plastid: An organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the synthesis, storage, and/or metabolism of specific nutrients. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasmolysis: The shrinking of a cell when placed in a concentrated solution, resulting in dehydration. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasmodium: A genus of parasitic protists that can cause diseases in humans, such as malaria. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasmin: An enzyme that helps dissolve the clotting of blood during the healing process. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasmapheresis: A medical procedure involving the removal of plasma from the blood and its replacement with a plasma substitute. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plastron: The bony or armored ventral surface of the body in a turtle or tortoise. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Plasticizer: A substance added to a material to increase its flexibility, workability, and/or durability. Etymologically, from the Greek “plassein”, meaning “to shape or form”.

Hyperplasia (Greek root: hyper, "over, above, excessive" + plassein, "to form, mold")

Actual Definitions

1. Excessive or abnormal cell growth or multiplication of cells in an organ or tissue due to increased activity of the cells.

2. Enlargement of an organ due to increased cell proliferation.

Etymological Definitions

1. Hyperplastic: Having cells which form abnormally or excessively.

2. Hyperplastically: Characterized by or caused by excessive or abnormal cell growth or multiplication.


Apr 06, 202411:33
Etymologizing Greek's prefix "EPI-" | "Upon, above, after, over"

Etymologizing Greek's prefix "EPI-" | "Upon, above, after, over"

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  • Epiphany:

    • Etymology: From Greek "epiphaneia," meaning manifestation or appearance.

    • Significance: Represents a sudden, profound realization or insight.

  • Epistemology:

    • Etymology: Derived from Greek "epistēmē," meaning knowledge.

    • Significance: Refers to the branch of philosophy that explores the nature and limits of human knowledge.

  • Epilogue:

    • Etymology: Comes from Greek "epilogos," meaning conclusion.

    • Significance: The concluding section of a literary work, providing closure or reflection.

  • Epitome:

    • Etymology: Rooted in Greek "epitomē," meaning abridgment or summary.

    • Significance: Represents a perfect example or embodiment of a particular quality.

  • Epistolary:

    • Etymology: Derived from Greek "epistolē," meaning letter.

    • Significance: Relates to the form of communication through letters or literary works in the form of letters.

  • Epiphysis:

    • Etymology: From Greek "epiphysis," meaning growth upon.

    • Significance: In anatomy, refers to the growth plate at the end of long bones in children.

  • Epigenetics:

    • Etymology: Combines Greek "epi-" (over, above) with genetics.

    • Significance: Study of heritable changes in gene function that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence.

  • Epicenter:

    • Etymology: From Greek "epi-" (upon) + "kentron" (center).

    • Significance: The point on the Earth's surface directly above the earthquake's point of origin.

  • Epistaxis:

    • Etymology: Derived from Greek "epi-" (upon) + "stazein" (to drip).

    • Significance: Medical term for nosebleed.

  • Epithet:

    • Etymology: Comes from Greek "epitheton," meaning attributed or added.

    • Significance: A descriptive term or phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.

Apr 05, 202414:24
Echo and Narcissus | It's love, not vanity, that sustains us through the trials of life

Echo and Narcissus | It's love, not vanity, that sustains us through the trials of life

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Apr 05, 202413:04
Etymologizing the culinary world and all things related to Gastronomy

Etymologizing the culinary world and all things related to Gastronomy

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  1. Cuisine:

    • Etymology: "Cuisine" comes from the French word "cuisiner," meaning "to cook," ultimately from the Latin word "coquere," meaning "to cook" or "to prepare food."
    • Definition: Cuisine refers to a style or method of cooking, especially characteristic of a particular region or culture.

  2. Culinary:

    • Etymology: "Culinary" is derived from the Latin word "culinarius," meaning "of the kitchen" or "related to cooking," from "culina" (kitchen).
    • Definition: Culinary describes anything related to cooking, food preparation, or the kitchen.

  3. Cookery:

    • Etymology: "Cookery" is derived from the Old English word "cocery," from "coc" (cook), ultimately from the Latin word "coquere," meaning "to cook."
    • Definition: Cookery refers to the art or practice of cooking and preparing food.

  4. Gastronomy:

    • Etymology: "Gastronomy" comes from the Greek words "gastron," meaning "stomach," and "nomos," meaning "law" or "rule."
    • Definition: Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, including the art and science of cooking and eating well.

  5. Chef:

    • Etymology: "Chef" is derived from the French word "chef," meaning "chief" or "head," ultimately from the Latin word "caput," meaning "head."
    • Definition: A chef is a professional cook who is in charge of a kitchen or a particular section of a kitchen, typically skilled in culinary arts.

  6. Culinarian:

    • Etymology: "Culinarian" combines "culinary" and the suffix "-ian," indicating "related to" or "pertaining to."
    • Definition: A culinarian is someone who is skilled in cooking or involved in culinary arts, particularly as a profession.

  7. Pastry:

    • Etymology: "Pastry" comes from the Old French word "paste," meaning "dough," ultimately from the Latin word "pasta," meaning "paste" or "dough."
    • Definition: Pastry refers to a dough of flour, water, and shortening used as a base and covering in baked dishes such as pies, tarts, and pastries.

  8. Bake:

    • Etymology: "Bake" is derived from the Old English word "bacan," meaning "to bake," possibly from the Proto-Germanic word "bakanan."
    • Definition: To bake means to cook food by dry heat, typically in an oven.

  9. Casserole:

    • Etymology: "Casserole" comes from the French word "casserole," meaning "saucepan" or "stewpan," from "casse" (pan) and the diminutive suffix "-ole."
    • Definition: A casserole is a dish made by cooking ingredients, typically including meat, vegetables, and a starchy binder, slowly in an oven.

  10. Saute:

    • Etymology: "Saute" is derived from the French word "sauter," meaning "to jump" or "to leap," possibly from the Latin word "saltare," meaning "to leap" or "to dance."
    • Definition: To saute means to cook food quickly in a small amount of oil or fat over high heat, while stirring or tossing.

  11. Gourmet:

    • Etymology: "Gourmet" comes from the French word "gourmet," meaning "a connoisseur of fine food and drink," possibly from the Old French word "gromet," meaning "servant" or "boy."
    • Definition: A gourmet is someone who is knowledgeable and discriminating in matters of food and drink, particularly with regard to quality and taste.

  12. Mince:

    • Etymology: "Mince" is derived from the Old French word "mincier," meaning "to make small" or "to cut into small pieces," possibly from the Latin word "minutia," meaning "smallness" or "trifle."
    • Definition: To mince means to chop or cut food, especially meat, into very small pieces.
Apr 01, 202417:06
Romulus and Remus - The heirs to both the mortal and divine | Etiologically explained

Romulus and Remus - The heirs to both the mortal and divine | Etiologically explained

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In the cradle of time, amidst the whispers of ancient gods and the rustle of the Tiber's waters, there arose a tale both grand and eternal — the myth of Romulus and Remus. Listen, for within its folds lies the genesis of a mighty empire, woven with threads of destiny, betrayal, and the indomitable spirit of mankind.

Once, in the heart of Italia, where hills kissed the sky and forests whispered secrets, there dwelled a vestal princess named Rhea Silvia. She, ordained by fate and bound by duty, tended the sacred flames of Vesta, her beauty radiant as the dawn, her spirit as untamed as the wind.

But the gods, in their capricious dance, cast their gaze upon her, and Mars, the god of war, was ensnared by her allure. Beneath the moon's soft glow, amidst the silken whispers of night, their love blazed fierce and forbidden. And from this union, twin sons were born — Romulus and Remus, heirs to both mortal and divine.

Yet, fate, ever a master weaver, ordained a cruel twist. For jealousy festered in the hearts of men, and Amulius, the usurper king, sought to quench the flame of their divine lineage. Thus, the babes were cast adrift upon the currents of the Tiber, cradled by the river's gentle embrace.

But the river, in its wisdom, bore them to safety, where they were discovered by a she-wolf, fierce and noble, who suckled them as her own, her heart stirred by a primal bond that transcended blood.

Raised in the wild, amidst the whispers of the forest and the ancient songs of the earth, Romulus and Remus grew strong, their spirits unyielding as the mountains, their destiny intertwined with the very fabric of Rome itself.

Years passed, and the brothers, forged in the crucible of adversity, emerged as champions of their people, their names whispered in reverence, their deeds etched upon the annals of time.

But destiny, like a river's course, is oft fraught with treacherous bends. Ambition stirred within their hearts, a tempestuous fire that threatened to consume them whole. For Romulus, emboldened by visions of grandeur, sought to raise a city, a beacon of civilization amidst the untamed wilderness.

And so it was, upon the Palatine Hill, that the foundations of Rome were laid, the soil stained with sweat and sacrifice, the echoes of hammer and chisel ringing through the ages.

But the bond of brotherhood, once unbreakable, now strained beneath the weight of ambition and pride. In a moment of madness, amidst the clash of swords and the cries of men, fratricide stained the earth, a crimson testament to the fragility of mortal bonds.

Yet, from the ashes of tragedy, a phoenix rose, for Rome, like her founders, was forged in the crucible of strife. And so, Romulus, with a heavy heart and eyes cast skyward, ascended to the heavens, where he became a god, immortalized in the annals of legend.

Mar 03, 202424:57
Bedtime Stories and Myths | Icarus and Daedalus

Bedtime Stories and Myths | Icarus and Daedalus

Jan 26, 202418:52
Taking a few Latin words and etymologizing them in a sultry tone (ASMR-like)

Taking a few Latin words and etymologizing them in a sultry tone (ASMR-like)

Jan 26, 202421:17
Words Derived from "Phylax": A Journey into Guardianship

Words Derived from "Phylax": A Journey into Guardianship

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The Greek word "phylax" (φύλαξ), meaning "watcher, guard, sentinel, guardian, keeper, protector," has woven its way into the very fabric of the English language, offering us a rich tapestry of words relating to protection, observation, and defense. Let's delve into some of these fascinating linguistic gems:

Direct Derivatives:

  • Phylactic: (adjective) Protective, preserving, tending to guard against disease or harmful influences. (e.g., Phylactic measures implemented during a pandemic)

  • Aphylaxis: (noun) The absence of natural defenses against disease or pathogens. (e.g., Immunodeficiency disorders cause aphaxia)

  • Prophylaxis: (noun) Preventive measures taken to protect against disease or infection. (e.g., Vaccinations are a form of prophylaxis)

  • Phylactocarp: (noun) A type of fruit with a tough outer covering that protects the seeds inside. (e.g., Walnuts are phylactocarps)

  • Phylactolaematous: (adjective) Describing a group of aquatic mosses with protective capsules enclosing their reproductive organs.

Extended Family:

  • Protectorate: (noun) A country under the protection of another, usually more powerful, country. (e.g., The British Protectorate of North Borneo)

  • Sheriff: (noun) A high-ranking law enforcement officer in a county or region. (Etymology: Old English "scirerefa," meaning "shire-reeve" - guardian of the shire)

  • Philanthropy: (noun) The love of humanity, manifested in charitable acts. (Etymology: "philos" - loving, "anthropos" - human)

  • Phylar: (noun) A leader of a tribe or clan, often associated with military duties. (e.g., In ancient Sparta, the Phylarchoi led the Moirai)

  • Phylary: (noun) A tribe or clan, especially in ancient Greece. (e.g., The Athenians were divided into phylai)

  • Fiancé(e): (noun) A person to whom one is engaged to be married. (Etymology: French "fié(e)," from Latin "fidare" - to trust)

  • Spy: (noun) A person employed to secretly obtain information on an enemy or rival. (Etymology: Old French "espier," possibly from Latin "specere" - to look)

Metaphorical Extensions:

  • Safeguard: (verb) To protect or keep something safe from harm. (Metaphor: A guard standing before a safe)

  • Shelter: (noun) A place providing protection from danger or bad weather. (Metaphor: A roof sheltering people from the rain)

  • Vigilance: (noun) The state of keeping watchful and alert. (Metaphor: A sleepless guard vigilant against enemies)

  • Defend: (verb) To protect someone or something from attack or harm. (Metaphor: A warrior defending a castle)

Etymology in Action:

  • Phylactic: The "k" at the end is a remnant of the Greek suffix "-ikos," meaning "of or relating to." Therefore, phylactic translates to "of or relating to a guard or protector."

  • Philanthropy: The word combines "philos" (loving) and "anthropos" (human), literally meaning "love of humanity." This reflects the underlying principle of caring for and protecting one's fellow humans.

  • Sheriff: The journey from "phylarch" to "sheriff" shows how language adapts over time. The Old English "scirerefa" directly translates to "shire-reeve," showcasing the historical role of a sheriff as the guardian of a shire (an administrative division).


Jan 21, 202407:55
Cunning Odysseus | The conclusion to a ten-year war

Cunning Odysseus | The conclusion to a ten-year war

Jan 20, 202422:51
With a New Year comes a new Q&A

With a New Year comes a new Q&A

Jan 06, 202457:49
It’s either one day, or it’s day one

It’s either one day, or it’s day one

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 Artwork credit goes to one of my amazing supporters and individuals I tutor. One of my homie g’s! @godlover aka. Leo Hardt ❤️
Dec 30, 202319:16
A random episode etymologizing a list of random English words!

A random episode etymologizing a list of random English words!

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acrobat

From the word akri (άκρη — “tip” or “edge”) and the verb vaino (βαίνω — “to walk”), an acrobat is someone who walks on the edge, often on tiptoe.

cemetery

A lot of Greek words used in English like to disguise themselves as Old French or Latin. Don’t let looks deceive you, though: This example actually comes from the Greek word koimame (κοιμάμαι — “to sleep”), which is also the root of another word, koimitirion (κοιμητήριο — “dormitory”). Is it creepy, then, that we call our final places of rest “dormitories for the dead”? Perhaps.

cynicism

The word "cynicism" comes from the Greek word "kynikos," which means "dog-like." This is because the Cynics, a school of ancient Greek philosophy, were known for their simple, ascetic lifestyle and their outspoken criticism of social conventions. They were often compared to dogs, who were seen as independent and untamed creatures.

The Cynics were founded by Antisthenes, a student of Socrates. Antisthenes believed that the only true good was virtue, and that everything else was a distraction. He argued that people should live in accordance with nature, which meant rejecting material possessions, social status, and even family ties.

The most famous Cynic was Diogenes of Sinope. Diogenes lived in a barrel and begged for food. He was known for his sharp wit and his willingness to challenge conventional wisdom. He once famously told Alexander the Great to "get out of my sun," when the king came to visit him.

The Cynics were a minority movement, but they had a significant influence on later philosophers, such as the Stoics and the Epicureans. Their ideas about virtue, simplicity, and independence continue to be relevant today.

democracy

Ahh, good old democracy. Combining demos (δήμος — “people”) and kratos (κράτος — “power”), the meaning of this quintessential Greek word used in English is simply put: power to the people!

Dec 20, 202325:05
The Myth of Circe - On redemption and growth, even in the most enigmatic and formidable people

The Myth of Circe - On redemption and growth, even in the most enigmatic and formidable people

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Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92

PREVIEW: In an era where the gods of Mount Olympus held dominion over the cosmos and mortal tales unfolded beneath the watchful gaze of divine entities, the myth of Circe emerged as a haunting saga of sorcery, transformation, and the intricacies of morality. This is the enchanting tale of a sorceress whose name resonates through the corridors of time—a name that evokes both fear and fascination: Circe.

Born of the sun god Helios and the nymph Perse, Circe emerged into existence with an otherworldly charm that set her apart from her divine kin. The enchanting beauty that graced her countenance was matched only by her burgeoning mastery of magic—an art she explored with an insatiable curiosity that bordered on the reckless.

Circe's abode was the mystical island of Aiaia, a place nestled far from the prying eyes of mortals. Here, she immersed herself in the arcane arts, honing her powers until they surpassed the wildest imaginations of gods and mortals alike. Aiaia became a realm of myth and mystery, where the air crackled with the energy of sorcery, and the lush landscapes hid secrets known only to its sorceress mistress.

As Circe delved deeper into the secrets of magic, her powers grew exponentially, and her fame, or infamy, spread across the divine realms. She became known for her ability to transform those who trespassed upon her island, turning men into beasts and unraveling the very fabric of their existence. It was this reputation that garnered the attention of the hero Odysseus and his crew, whose ill-fated journey would become entwined with the destiny of Circe.

Odysseus, a mortal hailed for his cunning and courage, sailed the wine-dark seas on his epic quest to return home after the fall of Troy. His fame reached the ears of Circe, and as the hero and his crew approached Aiaia, the sorceress's intrigue mingled with a sense of foreboding. Here, on the cusp of destiny, the threads of their fates intertwined.

The sailors, unaware of the perils that awaited them, landed on Aiaia's shores, enticed by the allure of the island's mystique. Circe, weaving her spells with an ethereal grace, welcomed the strangers into her palace. Yet, beneath the veneer of hospitality, a darker purpose stirred within her. For Circe, whose powers had elevated her to a status transcending mortal and divine, harbored a deep-seated loneliness that yearned for connection.

As the feasting and revelry unfolded within the opulent halls of Circe's abode, the sorceress subtly infused her potions into the drinks of Odysseus's crew. In an instant, the unsuspecting men underwent a grotesque transformation, their human forms contorting into bestial shapes. The once-proud sailors found themselves imprisoned in the bodies of swine.

Odysseus, immune to Circe's enchantments through divine intervention, stood alone amid the bewildering scene. The hero, resolute and undeterred, confronted Circe in her palace, demanding the restoration of his men. Circe, unaccustomed to defiance, found herself both intrigued and challenged by the mortal's audacity..........

Dec 19, 202325:40
Evaluating Psyche's "Hubris" - Was it Hubris or was it human endeavor that rewarded her to dance amongst the cosmos!

Evaluating Psyche's "Hubris" - Was it Hubris or was it human endeavor that rewarded her to dance amongst the cosmos!

Dec 18, 202327:48
The Greek root "OSMO-" | Etymologized!

The Greek root "OSMO-" | Etymologized!

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  • Osmosis

    • Definition: The movement of solvent molecules through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

    • Etymology: Derived from the Greek "osmos" (push) and the suffix "-osis" (a process or condition).

  • Osmolarity

    • Definition: The concentration of solute particles in a solution, expressed in osmoles per liter.

    • Etymology: Combined from "osmos" and the suffix "-ity" (condition or quality).

  • Osmoregulation

    • Definition: The control of water and solute balance in an organism, allowing it to adapt to different environments.

    • Etymology: Derived from "osmos" and the Latin word "regulare" (to regulate).

  • Osmometer

    • Definition: A device used to measure the osmotic pressure of a solution.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "metron" (measure).

  • Osmophile

    • Definition: An organism that thrives in environments with high osmotic pressures, such as those with high sugar concentrations.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "philein" (to love).

  • Osmophyte

    • Definition: A plant adapted to environments with high osmotic pressure, often found in saline or arid conditions.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "phyton" (plant).

  • Osmotherapy

    • Definition: Medical treatment involving the adjustment of osmotic pressure in bodily fluids to manage conditions like edema.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "therapeia" (healing).

  • Osmolality

    • Definition: A measure of the concentration of osmotically active particles per kilogram of solvent in a solution.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the suffix "-lality" (state or condition).

  • Osmundine

    • Definition: A substance derived from the root of the cinnamon fern, used in traditional medicine.

    • Etymology: Named after the fern genus "Osmunda," likely due to its use in osmotic regulation.

  • Osmoclasis

    • Definition: The breaking of cell walls due to changes in osmotic pressure.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "klasis" (breaking).

  • Osmotaxis

    • Definition: The directed movement of an organism in response to a gradient of osmotic pressure.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "taxis" (arrangement).

  • Osmophoresis

    • Definition: The movement of particles through a membrane driven by osmotic pressure.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "phoresis" (conveyance).

  • Osmophagy

    • Definition: The ingestion of substances by a cell or organism through osmosis.

    • Etymology: Combines "osmos" with the Greek word "phagein" (to eat).

Dec 16, 202320:12
The myth of Eros and Psyche - A reading of my own writings and discussion thereafter on the many aspects embedded within the story of unparalleled love

The myth of Eros and Psyche - A reading of my own writings and discussion thereafter on the many aspects embedded within the story of unparalleled love

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PREVIEW: In the time when gods and goddesses walked the celestial realms, and mortals marveled at their divine presence, there existed a tale that transcended the boundaries between the ethereal and the earthly—a narrative woven with threads of love, envy, and the trials of the human soul. This is the myth of Eros and Psyche, an allegory that delves into the intricacies of love, the fragility of trust, and the enduring strength of the human spirit.

In the opulent city of a mortal king, there lived a woman of unparalleled beauty named Psyche. Her radiance surpassed that of the goddess Aphrodite herself, stirring the envy and ire of the divine mistress of love and beauty. The citizens of the kingdom, captivated by Psyche's allure, began to neglect the worship of Aphrodite, whose temples stood abandoned as the people's adoration shifted toward the mortal maiden.

Unable to tolerate this affront to her divine ego, Aphrodite concocted a plan to humble the mortal who dared eclipse her glory. She summoned her son, Eros, the mischievous god of love, and bade him to unleash an arrow of irresistible desire into Psyche's heart, causing her to fall in love with a creature so wretched and vile that her beauty would be squandered on an unworthy match.

However, as Eros took aim with his enchanted arrow, he beheld Psyche's radiant countenance and was himself ensnared by the potent magic. Struck by his own creation, Eros found himself madly in love with the mortal beauty he was supposed to condemn. Succumbing to a forbidden passion, he concealed his true identity from Psyche, visiting her only in the shadowy veil of night.

Psyche, blissfully unaware of her divine suitor, lamented her loneliness, longing for a true love that would fill her days with joy and companionship. Rumors of her unearthly beauty reached far and wide, and suitors from distant lands sought her hand, only to be turned away by the king, who feared offending the gods.

As the years passed, Psyche's solitude grew, and her kingdom fell into despair. Desperate to appease the gods and secure a worthy match for his daughter, the king consulted an oracle, seeking guidance on how to appease the divine wrath that loomed over his kingdom.

The oracle, attuned to the cosmic currents, revealed a dire prophecy: Psyche was destined to marry a monster so terrifying that even the bravest of men would cower at the sight. The king, burdened by the weight of destiny, resigned himself to the inevitable and made the somber announcement that Psyche would be wedded to a monstrous suitor.


Dec 15, 202341:10
The Myth of Orpheus and Eurydice - On love and the profound nature it has on us

The Myth of Orpheus and Eurydice - On love and the profound nature it has on us

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92 In the hallowed annals of Grecian myth, a tale unfolds like a haunting melody, resonating through the corridors of time—an eternal aria that weaves the delicate strands of love, loss, and the ineffable power of music. At the heart of this narrative is the ethereal union of Orpheus, a virtuoso of the lyre whose strings bespoke divine harmony, and Eurydice, a nymph whose radiance rivaled the luminescence of the heavens. In the verdant meadows of Thessaly, where zephyrs whispered secrets through the rustling leaves, Orpheus and Eurydice, enraptured by the symphony of their affection, pledged vows that resonated like celestial notes in the grand opus of their existence. Their love was a garden of rare blossoms, each petal infused with the fragrance of immortal passion, and their days were an idyllic sonnet inscribed upon the parchment of time. Yet, as fate, that capricious muse, would have it, shadows cast their ephemeral gloom upon this idyll. Eurydice, frolicking in sylvan glades, became ensnared in the coils of an untimely demise—a serpent's venomous kiss stealing her from the terrestrial realm. Orpheus, bereft of the light that danced in her eyes, felt his world crumble like a lyre's string severed by an unseen hand. Yet, in the crucible of sorrow, a tempest of resolve stirred within the heart of Orpheus. Armed with the lyre bestowed upon him by Apollo, whose heavenly strains could charm the very cosmos, he embarked upon a pilgrimage to the somber realm of Hades—a journey where even the boldest mortals dared not tread. The Stygian waters whispered their ominous counsel, yet Orpheus pressed on, guided solely by the resolute melody of his undying devotion. As the Gates of Hades swung ajar, Orpheus, with lyre in hand, addressed the Lord and Lady of the Underworld. His music, a celestial lament that traversed the chasms of despair, moved even the hearts of the stoic gods. Hades, with a visage stern as granite, granted Orpheus an audience, moved by the pathos woven into the very fabric of his verses. With dulcet strains that plucked at the soul's most profound chords, Orpheus implored Hades and Persephone to release Eurydice from the shadowy abyss. His melody, a poignant plea that reverberated through the vaults of Tartarus, touched the very essence of existence. Even the Furies, with their feral countenances, were momentarily stilled by the harmonic sorcery that encapsulated the chamber of judgment. And so, the gods relented, offering a celestial reprieve—but with a caveat cast in the solemnity of divine decree. Orpheus, granted the chance to reclaim his beloved, was admonished not to gaze upon her until they ascended to the luminous embrace of the upper world..........
Dec 10, 202312:54
The Myth and Moral Implications of Theseus and the Minotaur - Applied both classically and within modernity

The Myth and Moral Implications of Theseus and the Minotaur - Applied both classically and within modernity

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The Story of Theseus and the Minotaur

The story of Theseus and the Minotaur is one of the most famous myths in Greek mythology. It tells the tale of a young Athenian hero who slays a fearsome monster, freeing his people from a terrible curse.

The story begins with King Minos of Crete, who was angered by the Athenians for the murder of his son, Androgeus. In revenge, Minos demanded that the Athenians send him a tribute of seven young men and seven young women every nine years. These youths were to be sacrificed to the Minotaur, a half-man, half-bull monster that lived in the Labyrinth, a vast and confusing maze built by the craftsman Daedalus.

One year, Theseus, the son of King Aegeus of Athens, volunteered to be one of the tributes. He was determined to slay the Minotaur and free his people from the curse.

When Theseus arrived in Crete, he was met by Ariadne, the daughter of King Minos. Ariadne had fallen in love with Theseus and she agreed to help him. She gave him a ball of thread, which he could use to find his way through the Labyrinth.

Theseus entered the Labyrinth and followed the thread. He eventually found the Minotaur and fought the monster to the death. He killed the Minotaur with his sword and escaped from the Labyrinth with the help of Ariadne.

Theseus and Ariadne fled Crete and sailed back to Athens. They were greeted as heroes and Theseus was crowned king. He married Ariadne and they ruled Athens together for many years.

The Moral Implications of the Myth

The myth of Theseus and the Minotaur has a number of moral implications. It teaches us that courage, strength, and determination can overcome even the greatest challenges. It also teaches us that love and friendship can be powerful forces for good.

In classical antiquity, the myth of Theseus and the Minotaur was used to promote the idea of civic duty. Theseus was seen as a model citizen who was willing to sacrifice himself for the good of his people. The myth also served as a warning against the dangers of tyranny. King Minos was seen as a tyrannical ruler who imposed his will on others through violence and fear.

The myth of Theseus and the Minotaur is still relevant today. It teaches us that we should never give up hope, even in the face of seemingly insurmountable odds. It also teaches us that we should always stand up to tyranny and injustice.

How the Myth Applies to Modernity

The myth of Theseus and the Minotaur can be applied to a number of modern-day issues. For example, it can be seen as a metaphor for the fight against terrorism. The Minotaur can be seen as a symbol of terrorism, while Theseus can be seen as a symbol of the people who fight against terrorism. The myth teaches us that we can overcome terrorism if we are brave, strong, and determined.

The myth can also be applied to the fight against other forms of injustice, such as racism, sexism, and homophobia. The Minotaur can be seen as a symbol of these forms of injustice, while Theseus can be seen as a symbol of the people who fight against them. The myth teaches us that we can overcome injustice if we are brave, strong, and determined.

The myth of Theseus and the Minotaur is a powerful story that has been told for centuries. It is a story of courage, strength, determination, love, and friendship. It is a story that can inspire us to overcome any challenge, no matter how great.

Dec 09, 202337:34
Case Usage in Latin - Isolating a single word and translating in order to understand why we have cases and how it changes the structure of a singular noun in ten different ways

Case Usage in Latin - Isolating a single word and translating in order to understand why we have cases and how it changes the structure of a singular noun in ten different ways

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  1. Nominative (Subject)
  2. capr-a
  3. “The goat” (Comes at beginning of sentence)


  1. Genitive (Possessive Noun)
  2. Capr-ae (TAKE STEM FROM)
  3. “The goat’s” or
  4. “Of the goat”


  1. Dative (Indirect Object)
  2. caprae
  3. “to/for the goat”


  1. Accusative (Direct Object)
  2. capram
  3. “The goat” (comes after the verb)


  1. Ablative (Preposition-al Phrase)
  2. caprā
  3. “by, with, from, near, alongside the goat”


  1. Capra, -ae (f); 

  • A - Nominative Singular Form

  • Ae - Genitive Singular Form

  1. Identify the noun’s genitive singular form. (-ae)

  2. Remove the genitive singular ending to find the noun’s stem. (capr-)

  3. Add endings from the noun’s declension to decline it in a certain case and number.

Dec 07, 202319:45
Discussing the etymology, history, and definitions of - Dislocation, subluxation, and some medical terms associated with bodily injuries

Discussing the etymology, history, and definitions of - Dislocation, subluxation, and some medical terms associated with bodily injuries

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  • Dislocation:

    • Etymology: The word "dislocation" comes from the Latin roots "dis-" meaning "apart" or "away," and "locare" meaning "to place." The combination implies a displacement or separation.

    • Definition: According to Google, dislocation refers to the displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint.

  • Subluxation:

    • Etymology: "Subluxation" originates from the Latin "sub-" meaning "under" or "below" and "luxatio" meaning "a dislocation." Together, it signifies a partial or incomplete dislocation.

    • Definition: Google defines subluxation as a partial dislocation of a joint, where the articulating surfaces are still partially in contact.

  • Luxation:

    • Etymology: The term "luxation" comes from the Latin "luxatio," meaning "a dislocation" or "displacement."

    • Definition: Luxation is a synonym for dislocation, referring to the complete displacement of a bone from its joint.

  • Reduction:

    • Etymology: The word "reduction" has Latin roots; "re-" means "back" or "again," and "ducere" means "to lead" or "to bring." In the context of dislocations, reduction means bringing the displaced bones back to their normal position.

    • Definition: According to Google, reduction is the restoration of a dislocated or fractured body part to its normal position.

  • Articulation:

    • Etymology: "Articulation" comes from the Latin "articulatio," derived from "articulus" meaning "a joint" or "a small part."

    • Definition: In the medical context, articulation refers to the connection between bones, especially at a joint.

  • Capsule:

    • Etymology: The term "capsule" has Latin origins, from "capsula," meaning "a small box" or "container."

    • Definition: Google defines a capsule as a membranous structure enveloping a body part, such as a joint capsule surrounding a joint.

  • Labrum:

    • Etymology: "Labrum" comes from the Latin word for "lip."

    • Definition: In the medical context, a labrum refers to a lip-like edge, often used to describe the cartilaginous rim around the edge of a joint socket.

  • Meniscus:

    • Etymology: The term "meniscus" has Greek roots; "meniskos" means "crescent" or "little moon."

    • Definition: Google defines a meniscus as a crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous structure in certain joints, especially the knee.

  • Sprain:

    • Etymology: "Sprain" has uncertain origins but might be related to the Middle English word "spreyne," meaning to cause a sudden jerk or twist.

    • Definition: According to Google, a sprain is the stretching or tearing of ligaments, often caused by a sudden twist or wrench.

Dec 03, 202314:53
Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 21 - The Perfect Passive System

Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 21 - The Perfect Passive System

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________________________________________________________

There are two rules which you should remember here: 

  • (1) the present-tense passive second person singular in third conjugation has a short -ĕ-, producing the ending -ĕris, whereas the future has a long -ē-, producing an -ēris ending;

  • (2) the present passive infinitive in third and third-io conjugations has no -r-. It ends in just -i, as in duci (“to be led”). 

Disicupuli, here we reap the rewards of our hard work earlier. Back in Chapter 18, we covered the present passive system of third, third-io and fourth conjugations, so there's no new grammar to learn here. 

There's a mandatory long mark in the future second-person singular of the passive system in third conjugation, where the long -ē- in the future form -ēris has a mandatory long mark in order to distinguish it from the present, -ĕris. So for example:

  •  agĕris means “you are driven” as opposed to agēris, ”you will be driven.” But that's virtually the only complexity you'll face here. 

And here's one last thing to remember about the passive system in these conjugations: the infinitive in third and third-io conjugations is signaled by an ending of just one letter, -i, producing forms like agi, “to be driven,” or iaci, “to be thrown.” 

  • It's important to distinguish these from a very similar-looking form, the first singular perfect active, so that duxi (“I have led”) needs to be carefully distinguished from duci (“to be led”), grammatically very different forms. 

  • Similarly, agi (“to be driven”) must be carefully distinguished from egi (“I have driven”) and in third-io, iaci (“to be thrown”) versus ieci (“I have thrown”).

Dec 03, 202308:24
Ramblin', touching on random thoughts, and diving into my Podcast "Wrapped"

Ramblin', touching on random thoughts, and diving into my Podcast "Wrapped"

My links: My patreon: ⁠https://www.patreon.com/user?u=103280827 My Ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/rhetoricrevolution Send me a voice message!: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/liam-connerly TikTok: ⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@mrconnerly?is_from_webapp=1&sender_device=pc⁠ Email: ⁠rhetoricrevolution@gmail.com⁠ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/connerlyliam/ Podcast | Latin in Layman’s - A Rhetoric Revolution https://open.spotify.com/show/0EjiYFx1K4lwfykjf5jApM?si=b871da6367d74d92
Dec 02, 202340:18
Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 19: Perfect Passive Verbs

Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 19: Perfect Passive Verbs

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There are two important rules to remember here: 

  • (1) the fourth principal part of the verb ─ that is, the perfect passive participle ─ represents past action and is translated “having been whatevered,” for example, “having been praised”; 

  • (2) the perfect passive participle plus a form of the verb “to be” is the formula for creating a perfect passive finite verb. 

Compared to the present passive, the perfect passive is remarkably straightforward. It involves only two verb elements: the fourth principal part of the verb, plus a form of esse (“to be”). The fourth principal part, which finally comes into play after all the chapters you’ve been memorizing it, is actually the perfect passive participle: “perfect” meaning that the action has already been completed, and “passive” meaning it imports a sense of the passive voice. 

  • When it stands alone, it’s translated as “having been (whatever-the-verb-is)” ─ “loved,” for instance: “having been loved.” 

The other component of the perfect passive is a form of the verb “to be.” If that form is a finite verb like sum or es, it makes the perfect passive form a finite verb form. Thus, the form of the verb “to be” imports person and number ─ if it’s sum, it’s first person singular; if it’s es, it’s second person singular, and so on.

Also, to a certain extent, it imports tense as well, because by changing the tense of the verb “to be” you can change the tense of a perfect passive verb within the perfect passive system ─ that is, make it perfect, pluperfect or future perfect, according to which tense of sum you use. 

Therefore, forming a perfect passive verb is quite simple: See, you take the:

  • (1) perfect passive participle and then... 

  • (2) you add a form of the verb “to be”: sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt. 

  • Because of this, every perfect passive verb form will always consist of two separate words. There’s that!

Let’s do an example to get a better idea: How about we take the fourth principal part of the verb amo, amo, amare, amavi, amatus (This is how it would appear if you were to look up “amo” in a latin dictionary.) Now, let’s add a form of the verb “to be” (how about “sum”) and ta-da, you have the perfect passive of “love”: amatus sum, which translates literally as “I have been loved.” 

As for the perfect passive participle, there are two elements to note when looking at its construction. First of all, its tense value. Because the participle represents an action that has occurred in the past, it translates “having been whatever-ed,” in the case of amatus, “having been loved.” So when a perfect passive participle like amatus is added to the present tense of the verb “to be” (sum), it means literally: sum (“I am”) amatus (“having been loved”). In other words, “I exist right now (sum) in a state in which I was once the object of someone’s affection (amatus).” Where Latin puts the past-tense value in the participle “having been loved,” English puts that same past value in the form of the verb “to be”: “I have been.” Thus, “I am having been loved” is the grammatical equivalent of “I have been loved.”


An example of a Latin verb, amo, conjugated in the perfect passive: 

amatus, -a, -um sum; “I have been loved,” 

amatus, -a, -um es; “you have been loved” 

amatus, -a, -um est; “he/she/it has been loved”

amati, -ae, -a sumus; “we have been loved,” 

amati, -ae, -a estis; “y’all have been loved” 

amati, -ae, -a sunt; “they have been loved”

Nov 30, 202317:15
Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 19 - The Fourth Declension

Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 19 - The Fourth Declension

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Lesson 20: Fourth Declension 

There is one important rule to remember here: 

  • (1) Fourth declension contains u-stem nouns which are almost all masculine in gender.  

Fourth declension is Latin's u-stem declension in which almost all the nouns are masculine in gender. Ironically, the one major exception is probably the most commonly used fourth-declension noun, manus, manūs, f., meaning “hand.” 

This declension is unique to Latin. Among Indo-European languages, there really isn't anything exactly like it. Seen from the long view linguistically, it was a short-lived attempt by the Romans to create a distinctive u-stem declension, and the experiment didn't turn out well. By historical standards, fourth declension didn't last long. As early as the fourth century CE, fourth-declension forms were beginning to be subsumed into second declension, and by the end of the classical age the declension had begun to disappear altogether. 

Unfortunately, even though it wasn’t used all that much within the classical age, it was still a fully active form, so you have to know it (I know…)Here are the endings for fourth declension: 

-us -ūs,

-ūs -uum

-ui -ibus

-um -ūs 

-u -ibus 

Notice how you can’t escape the strong presence of -u-. It dominates eight of the ten forms, producing what has to be the most distinctive genitive plural ending in Latin: -uum. 

But if you think of memorizing the fourth declension endings with the formula: the base ending in -u-, plus the third declension endings added on. Looking at it that way can save you some time memorizing endings. 

Fourth declension also includes a few neuter nouns. Here are the endings:

-u -ua

-us -uum

-u -ibus

-u -ua

-u -ibus. 

And here's a fourth declension neuter noun fully declined: 

cornu cornua

cornūs cornuum

cornu cornibus

cornu cornua

cornu cornibus 

Note: there are no mandatory long marks here. 

The Ablative of Separation

The term “ablative” denotes “separation” in Latin: ab- means “from”; -lat- means “carry, go.” Thus, the original use of the ablative was to indicate where something came from. Other uses like means and objects of prepositions developed later. In other words, the ablative of separation shows the oldest, the original, use of the ablative. The ablative of separation naturally occurs with verbs that have a built-in sense of separation, like the verb careo which means “lack,” for example, pecuniā careo, “I lack money,” literally “I am separate from money.” Notice the lack of any preposition in this construction. So when a word in the ablative has no preposition and its meaning denotes that two things are apart from each other ─ for instance, “me” and “money” ─ then that use of the ablative is called “the ablative of separation.” 

Nov 22, 202317:48
Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 18 - The Present Passive System

Latin Grammar Mini-Series | Lesson 18 - The Present Passive System

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There are three important rules to remember here: 

  • (1) the subject is acted upon in a passive sentence; 

  • (2) the letter ‘r’ is the most common indicator of the passive voice in the Latin present tense system; 

  • (3) passive verbs expect agents. 

Ok, let’s start with the basics. Passive is a voice. It’s the opposite of active. Simple. I could say it also complements the “yin” to active’s “yang,” but I don’t care much to do so. Anyways, in essence, what the passive voice does is move the action of the verb backwards toward the subject rather than forward toward a direct object. Conversely, active verbs move the action of the verb from the subject toward a direct object. Thus, in principle, passive verbs do not take direct objects. In English, passive verb forms typically involve some form of the verb “to be,” such as:  

  • “I am praised,” which is passive, vs. “I praise,” which is active.  “

  • we were warned,” which is passive, as opposed to “we warned,” which is active.  

  • “they will be held,” which is passive, as opposed to “they will hold,” which is active. 

    • Note: It’s important in English to recognize that when “be” is added to a verb form, it doesn’t always make the verb passive. The addition of a form of the verb “to be” can also make the verb continual. 

Here’s how to tell those forms apart: a “be” form, combined with a verb that has a participle ending “-ing,” is active, whereas a “be” form, combined with a verb that has a participle ending “-ed,” is passive. 

For example: “I am praising” which is active, vs. “I am praised, being praised” which is passive; or the active form “we were warning” vs. the passive form “we were warned.” There’s a very easy way to be certain you’re dealing with a passive form and not a continual form: if it makes sense to add “by someone” after the verb form. 

Now let’s look at how the passive voice works grammatically. We’ll start with an active sentence: “Students study Latin.” If we take the active verb “study” and we make it passive by adding the verb “to be” and adding “-ed” to the end of the verb with the result that “study” becomes “is studied,” then turn the direct object of the active sentence “Latin” into the subject of the passive sentence, we end up with the passive sentence “Latin is studied.” Notice it means the same thing: Latin is being studied. But it leaves one thing out: who is doing the studying? If you want to include that in the passive sentence, you must take the subject of the active form (“students”), put it after the passive verb (“is studied”), and append “by” to the front of “students.” The result is: “Latin is studied by students.” The grammatical term for “by students” is the agent. We’ll chat more about that later. 

Notice that, while both sentences say the same thing, the action of the verb runs in exact opposite directions. 

  • In the active sentence, it moves from left to right, from the subject to the direct object. 

  • But when the verb is changed to passive, the action runs right to left, toward the subject and from the agent. 

Verbs that don't take direct objects are called “intransitive.” 

Just like English, Latin also has intransitive verbs, of which one major subset is linking verbs. Remember, linking verbs take predicates, not direct objects. Therefore, they can't be made passive. There's no direct object to be converted into the subject, a.k.a. you can't be “be-ed.” 



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