The Ransomware Files

What if you were hired for an office job but ended up negotiating with cybercriminals? There aren’t many rules around the cybercrime known as ransomware, but this is a story about one rule that was definitely broken. By the end it, the path to the truth lead to a place on the other side of the world. It was a place that no one expected and disturbingly, no one wanted to be.

Dain Drake was CEO of United Structures of America, a steel fabrication facility outside of Houston. In June 2019, Dain found himself standing outside an adult boutique in Houston at 10 AM on a Sunday morning. It was closed. He called the owner and pleaded for him to come and open the shop. He needed something inside, which might just save his business – from ransomware.

The Ransomware Files is pleased to host a special guest episode from our friends at Hacked. In mid-April, there was a ransomware attack. It wasn’t against a small business. It wasn’t directed at a large company or even a large city. It was against a country: Costa Rica. The Conti ransomware gang struck more than two dozen government bodies in Costa Rica in a wave of attacks. It was a demonstration of power and bravado with a motivation that appeared to go way beyond the usual aim of collecting a ransom.

Is a practicing cardiologist living in Venezuela also a ransomware mastermind? If U.S. prosecutors are to be believed, Moises Luis Zagala Gonzalez is a cybercriminal polymath. He’s on the FBI’s Most Wanted list for cybercrime, but people who know him say the accusations cannot be true. Zagala is charged in federal court in New York with developing ransomware applications called Jigsaw and Thanos that infected organizations and companies around the word. But Zagala’s wife says there’s a reason for her husband’s predicament. How does the evidence stack up against her claim?

The FBI’s Most Wanted list for cybercrime has a recent entry: Moises Luis Zagala Gonzalez. He is a 55-year-old cardiologist living in Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela. He has a bald head and an earnest smile. In one photo, he wears a doctor’s white overcoat with a stethoscope around his neck. What is this man doing on that list? U.S. prosecutors allege Zagala lead a double life. They allege he’s also a cybercriminal. Zagala is charged in federal court in New York with developing ransomware applications called Jigsaw and Thanos that infected organizations and companies around the word. They claim his hacking career stretches back to the late 1990s when he was part of an expert reverse software engineering group. Who is Moises Zagala, and why does the U.S. think he’s a ransomware mastermind?

Ransomware struck global currency exchange and remittance company Travelex on New Year's Eve 2019. Security Architect Don Gibson was DJing at a friend’s place when the first alerts came in. That night kicked off turbulent period for Don that lasted throughout the rest of the year. His name became publicly linked with the Travelex incident, and the attention was completely undesired. His story is one of how social media, a frantic incident response and stress contributed to a nearly tragic health outcome. He went from IR, or incident response, to the ER – the hospital's emergency room.

If software has a dangerous and easy-to-exploit security vulnerability, should its maker tell customers to shut it down until it’s fixed? It’s a tough call, but one that Dutch company Hoppenbrouwers says the software vendor Kaseya should have undertaken last year to prevent a massive supply-chain attack executed by the REvil ransomware gang. The gang had uncovered flaws in Kaseya's Virtual Systems Administrator product that Kaseya was racing to patch. Hoppenbrouwers was one of more than 1,500 victims. Its systems were nearly completely encrypted, but it recovered quickly using backups.

Rockford Public Schools in Illinois was infected with the Ryuk ransomware just days after the school year started in September 2019. They had one thought for the suspected Russia-based cybercriminal group at the root of the attack: "Screw them." The attack encrypted upwards of six million files, wrecked applications and locked up servers. But the district refused to pay the ransom and kept classes running while mounting a mighty recovery effort.

In 2019, 23 cities across Texas were infected with the REvil/Sodinokibi ransomware in one of the largest ransomware attacks that has ever occurred in the US. The cities recovered with remarkable speed due to the state's diligent preparation. But a small managed service provider called TSM Consulting, which the ransomware actors exploited in a supply-chain style attack, sustained irreparable damage. It's a heartbreaking story. This episode is going to reveal never-before-public details about the attack in Texas, how the state recovered so quickly and explore the human cost of ransomware.

What if destructive malware disguised as ransomware nearly sank not just one company but many? Shipping giant Maersk was one of dozens of organisations crippled by the NotPetya malware in June 2017. Gavin Ashton and Bharat Halai worked in identity and access management at Maersk. They share how the company's technology team tirelessly brought the company back from an IT systems meltdown and rescued the company's sole surviving copy of Active Directory.

Matthews is an Australian company that specializes in intelligent identification, labelling and inspection systems used by the food and beverage industry. In early 2020, it faced a "double extortion" attempt from ransomware actors. But Matthews fought back, recovered its data and saved its business. Matthews is one of hundreds of organizations in Australia that have been hit by ransomware, and the government is now taking action.

Ski Kacoroski is a systems administrator with the Northshore School District in Bothell, Washington, which has 23,000 students. In 2019, the district was infected by Emotet and Trickbot, two notorious types of malware. Access to the district's systems was auctioned off twice by cybercriminals, and the district's system were eventually infected in September 2019 with the Ryuk ransomware. But the district recovered through tenacity and luck.