NPTE Clinical Files | Physical Therapy
By Kyle Rice
NPTE Clinical Files | Physical TherapyAug 16, 2023
Acute Low Back Pain
Gerard arrives at physical therapy reporting acute lower back pain following an attempt to lift a heavy box. The pain radiates into both lower extremities constantly. During examination, all lumbar motions exacerbate the pain, and the patient prefers to stand and sit with increased lumbar flexion. Which pathology is MOST likely present?
A) Lumbar Herniated Disc
B) Facet Joint Syndrome
C) Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
D) Ankylosing Spondylitis
LINKS MENTIONED:
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Truelearn: USE CODE: PTH020
- PT Hustle Phone Number: (727) 732-4573
Lower Extremity Lymphedema
Margot, a 53-year-old woman, presents to physical therapy with bilateral, symmetrical enlargement of her legs extending from her hips to her ankles, sparing the feet. She reports the condition is painful and has worsened over several years. Skin texture is normal, and there is no pitting edema. Which condition is MOST consistent with these findings?
A) Chronic venous insufficiency
B) Obesity-related lymphedema
C) Primary lymphedema
D) Lipedema
LINKS MENTIONED:
- PT Hustle Phone Number: (727) 732-4573
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet HERE
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Truelearn: USE CODE: PTH020
Drug Interactions
Jerry, a patient with type 2 diabetes, has been prescribed metformin to manage his blood glucose levels. The physical therapist understands that metformin’s primary function is to:
A) Stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin.
B) Decrease the liver's production of glucose.
C) Increase the sensitivity of insulin receptors on cells.
D) Slow the absorption of sugar from the intestines.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/meds
- Truelearn: USE CODE: PTH020
- PT Hustle Phone Number: (727) 732-4573
Ulcer Examination
Julian, a 59-year-old patient with a longstanding history of type 2 diabetes, presents with a chronic, non-healing wound on his foot. The wound is located on the lateral aspect of the foot, characterized by a sharply demarcated, circular margin, and a pale, dry base with minimal exudate. His medical history includes poorly controlled hypertension and intermittent claudication. What is the most likely classification of this ulcer?
A) Venous ulcer
B) Mixed arterial-venous ulcer
C) Pure arterial ulcer
D) Neuropathic ulcer
LINKS MENTIONED:
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/ulcerclass
Respiratory Interventions
Richard is a 75-year-old male patient being treated by physical therapy. In educating a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about managing exacerbations at home, what advice should the physical therapist emphasize as MOST important?
A. Use of an incentive spirometer every 2 hours while awake.
B. Maintenance of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet.
C. Participation in daily, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise.
D. Keeping the home environment well-ventilated and free of irritants.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/pulmonaryinterventions
Stroke & Motor Learning
Vivek is being seen by physical therapy after recovering well from a stroke. The patient is refining gait during the autonomous stage of motor learning. Which activity is BEST to challenge their gait adaptability?
A. Walking backwards on a treadmill
B. Navigating a cluttered hallway
C. Stepping over obstacles at 6 inch heights
D. Reciprocal pedaling on a stationary bike
LINKS MENTIONED:
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/motor
Right Congestive Heart Failure
Henry presents with right-sided congestive heart failure and reports slight limitations in physical activity. The patient is comfortable at rest; however, ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnea. Based on this description, which of the following activities is the patient MOST likely able to do without exacerbating their symptoms? A) Climbing two flights of stairs without stopping B) Walking 3mph on a treadmill C) Laying flat in Trendelenburg position D) Running a short distance
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- NPTE Tips & Tricks: www.nptegroup.com
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/CHF
Neurological Differential Diagnosis
Andrea is a 45-year-old patient presents to physical therapy with complaints of fluctuating muscle weakness, notably worsening toward the evening. The patient reports difficulty maintaining upward gaze and a history of transient diplopia. No sensory deficits were reported. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely? A) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) B) Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) C) Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) D) Myasthenia Gravis (MG)
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/mg
- Check out our Instagram account: www.nptegroup.com
Ramp Specifications & ADA Requirements
A physical therapy clinic is planning to install a new wheelchair ramp that incorporates a switchback for space efficiency. According to ADA guidelines, what is the MINIMUM required landing size at the switchback to ensure compliance and safety?
A) 36 inches by 36 inches
B) 48 inches by 48 inches
C) 60 inches by 60 inches
D) 72 inches by 72 inches
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/wheelchairs
- Check out our Instagram account: www.nptegroup.com
Pediatric Evaluation
Jessie is a 12-year-old male patient who presents with an onset of groin pain. The patient has a BMI of 28 and a recent growth spurt. The physical therapist notes the patient has a limp with external rotation of the affected leg during ambulation. Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?
A) Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
B) Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
C) Osgood-Schlatter Disease
D) Septic Arthritis
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Get Your Episode Cheatsheet here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/pediatriceval
- Check out our Instagram account: www.instagram.com/thepthustle
Initial Course of Action
Joscelin receives a referral for a patient with a diagnosis that the therapist is unfamiliar with. What is the INITIAL course of action?
A. Decline the referral, citing lack of expertise
B. Accept the patient and start treatment
C. Research the condition
D. Refer the patient to another therapist
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Join the group specifically built to help PT Students DOMINATE the NPTE: www.nptegroup.com
HIPAA
Henry is treating a patient with severe complications after right total knee arthroplasty. The therapist is preparing a new total knee arthroplasty presentation for his healthcare team and wants to remain HIPAA compliant. Which of the following is NOT a form of protected health information covered under HIPAA? A. Patient alias
B. Medical record number
C. Photograph of the right knee
D. Home address
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Upper Extremity Nerve Examination
Tamia presents with an unspecified work-related injury to her right upper extremity. Upon examination, the patient demonstrates weakness in wrist flexion and loss of forearm pronation. The patient also exhibits a diminished brachial reflex and a positive Froment's sign. Which nerve is LEAST likely to be affected?
A. Median nerve
B. Ulnar nerve
C. Musculocutaneous nerve
D. Posterior interosseous nerve
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Join the group specifically built to help PT Students DOMINATE the NPTE: www.nptegroup.com
Chronic Anemia
Charlie is a patient with chronic anemia who is participating in a physical therapy program. Which of the following signs should the physical therapist monitor for during exercise?
A. Sudden increase in blood pressure
B. Excessive sweating
C. Tachycardia and dyspnea on exertion
D. Hyperactivity
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Join the group specifically built to help PT Students DOMINATE the NPTE: www.nptegroup.com
- Want the NPTE cheatsheet that goes with this episode? Download it here: https://www.nptecheatsheet.com/chronic-anemia1
Post Surgical Ankle/Foot
Sahar is educating her student about surgical protocols of the foot and ankle. A patient who presents two weeks post-surgery for an Achilles tendon repair, should avoid which of the following?
A. Passive dorsiflexion to mild discomfort
B. Seated toe extensions
C. Gentle isometric plantarflexion exercises
D. Active ankle inversion and eversion
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Text Us For NPTE Help: (727) 732-4573
- PT Hustle: www.thepthustle.com
3 Secrets To Passing The NPTE in 2024
In this podcast episode, Dr. Kyle Rice, also known as Coach K, focuses on the mission of the PT Hustle and 3 tips for helping any physical therapist PASS the NPTE, who struggles with standardized tests. He uncovers the three major mistakes people make when preparing for the exam and how to resolve them. Join us on this enlightening podcast episode!
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Text Us For NPTE Help: (727) 732-4573
- PT Hustle: www.thepthustle.com
Upper Extremity Neurological Signs and Symptoms
Jeremy is a 55 year old male who presents with numbness and tingling in both hands, loss of pain and temperature sensation in a glove-like distribution, and decreased grip strength. This patient MOST likely suffers from:
A. Cervical radiculopathy
B. Thoracic outlet syndrome
C. Peripheral neuropathy
D. Carpal tunnel syndrome
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Orthostatic Hypotension
Blake wants to reduce the risk of orthostatic hypotension in a patient with low blood pressure. The physical therapist should:
A. Encourage slow transitions from sitting to standing
B. Have the patient perform deep breathing exercises before standing
C. Recommend wearing compression stockings during sessions
D. Check the chart for blood pressure reducing medications
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Vestibular Caloric Test
Copeland is evaluating a 55-year-old patient who presents with a mild case of unilateral vestibular hypofunction and associated hearing loss on the left side. The therapist performs the caloric test by instilling warm water into the affected ear. What is the MOST likely direction of the patient's nystagmus during this test?
A. Towards the opposite side, but reduced in magnitude
B. Absent or significantly reduced nystagmus
C. Towards the same side, but reduced in magnitude
D. Eye movement is unaffected
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Down Syndrome Examination
Peter is a physical therapist who is working with a 3-year-old child who has Down syndrome. The therapist observes increased flexibility and hypermobility. These findings is primarily due to:
A. Poor muscle tone
B. Ligamentous laxity
C. Delayed bone age
D. Spastic muscle contractions
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Shoulder Pain Telehealth Visit
Kayla is a physical therapist who is evaluating a patient with shoulder pain via telehealth. The patient is unable to accurately palpate the area of maximal tenderness. What alternative method should the therapist use to localize the pain?
A. Guide the patient through a series of active range of motion exercises to identify the painful location
B. Instruct the patient to use a foam roller to identify the tender area.
C. Ask the patient to describe the quality of pain in different shoulder positions.
D. Postpone the assessment until an in-person visit can be arranged.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Home Modifications
Frankie is a physical therapist who, during a home health visit, notices that the patient's home has several potential safety hazards. What is the FIRST step the therapist should take?
A. Ignore the hazards as addressing them is not within the therapist’s scope of practice.
B. Report the hazards to the patient’s primary care physician.
C. Discuss and educate the patient and family about the hazards and suggest modifications.
D. Contact a social worker to assess the home environment.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Lateral Epicondylitis
Setting: Sports Clinic Gender: Female Age: 28 years Presenting Problem/Current Condition: Pain in the right elbow after increasing the frequency of her tennis games. Medical History: No significant medical issues Other Information: Recreational tennis player, recently started competing Physical Therapy Examination(s): Tenderness over the lateral epicondyle. Pain on resisted wrist extension Physical Therapy Plan of Care: None, this is the first visit 1. What is the MOST likely diagnosis for the patient's presentation? A) Golfer’s elbow B) Tennis elbow C) Olecranon bursitis D) Cubital tunnel syndrome Answer: B) Tennis elbow Rationale: Tennis elbow, or lateral epicondylitis, is characterized by pain over the lateral epicondyle and is often exacerbated by resisted wrist extension. The patient's symptoms, along with her recent increase in tennis games, align with this condition. Tennis elbow is caused by repetitive stress on the tendons of the forearm, especially those that straighten the wrist. Given the physical examination findings and the patient's history, tennis elbow is the most appropriate diagnosis. 2. What is the INITIAL recommended management for this condition? A) Complete rest and avoidance of all physical activity B) Activity modification and pain management C) Immediate surgical intervention D) High-intensity resistance training Answer: B) Activity modification and pain management Rationale: For tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis), the initial treatment approach typically involves conservative measures. Activity modification means adjusting or reducing activities that aggravate the condition, like certain tennis strokes. Pain management can include methods like ice, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and sometimes physical therapy techniques. Surgery is usually considered only after conservative treatments have been exhausted, and high-intensity resistance training would not be appropriate during the acute phase of the condition. 3. Which of the following therapeutic modalities might be beneficial in the early stages of the condition? A) Continuous Ultrasound B) Hot pack C) Cryotherapy D) Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Answer: C) Cryotherapy Rationale: Cryotherapy, which involves the application of cold, can help reduce inflammation and alleviate pain in the acute stages of an injury. Continuous ultrasound and hot packs which heat the tissue may aggravate this acute condition and prolong inflammation. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), has the purpose of increasing strength and endurance in muscular tissue. Strength and endurance are not the primary impairments at this time.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Addison's Examination
Wendy presents with a recent diagnosis of Addison's disease and has. been referred to physical therapy. During exercise, the therapist should expectant of which of the following symptoms?
A. Hypertension and tachycardia
B. Hyperglycemia and diaphoresis
C. Hypotension and fatigue
D. Hypoglycemia and hyperreflexia
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Hypothyroidism & Interventions
Burton is a 45-year-old male patient with a long-standing history of hypothyroidism who presents with complaints of increasing fatigue, cold intolerance, and muscle stiffness. Physical therapy examination reveals slowed reflexes and generalized muscle weakness. Which intervention should be prioritized in this patient's treatment plan?
A. High-intensity resistance training
B. Aerobic exercise for endurance training
C. Gentle stretching and range of motion exercises
D. Balance and proprioception training
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
NPTE Clinical Scenario Acute Care
Question 1:
Given the patient's medication and medical history, which complication is he at an increased risk for during mobility training
A) Orthostatic hypotension
B) Fractures
C) Respiratory distress
D) Hyperkalemia Question 2:
The patient is exhibiting difficulty following multi-step commands. Which approach would be MOST appropriate when giving instructions for exercises?
A) Provide written instructions with diagrams.
B) Give complex, multi-step verbal commands rapidly.
C) Demonstrate the exercise first and then provide simple, one-step commands.
D) Use tactile cues exclusively without any verbal instruction.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Lower Extremity Muscle Actions
June presents with complaints of pain during the midstance to terminal stance phase of gait. Upon examination, there's excessive pronation of the subtalar joint and pes planus deformity. What muscle is MOST likely weakened?
A) Flexor digitorum brevis
B) Tibialis posterior
C) Abductor hallucis
D) Extensor digitorum longus
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Foot Ulcer
Belinda is a 46-year-old patient with a history of diabetes presents with a non-healing ulcer on the plantar surface of the foot. Upon examination, the therapist notes a well-defined ulcer with a punched-out appearance surrounded by callused skin. Which type of ulcer is this most indicative of?
A) Venous stasis ulcer
B) Arterial insufficiency ulcer
C) Neuropathic ulcer
D) Pressure ulcer
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
NPTE Stroke Question
Kelly is a 60-year-old patient who is post-stroke and exhibits a steppage gait pattern. What is the MOST likely underlying neuromuscular deficit contributing to this gait deviation?
A) Weak hip flexors
B) Weak ankle dorsiflexors
C) Spastic quadriceps
D) Spastic hip adductors
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Research Correlation
Janie is a physical therapist who is conducting research to determine the relationship between hours of standing per day and the severity of lower back pain in factory workers. After analyzing the data, the therapist finds a positive, strong correlation (r = 0.85) between the two variables. What does this correlation coefficient indicate?
A) An 85% chance that standing longer hours directly causes increased back pain severity.
B) A strong relationship between hours of standing and back pain severity, but not necessarily a cause-and-effect relationship.
C) A negative relationship between hours of standing and back pain severity.
D) An insignificant relationship between the two variables.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Knee Pain
Roger is a 45-year-old is an avid cyclist who presents with anterior knee pain, especially after long rides. The pain is localized near the patellar tendon's inferior pole. What condition best describes these symptoms?
A) Patellofemoral pain syndrome
B) Osgood-Schlatter disease
C) Patellar tendinitis
D) Chondromalacia patellae
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
ACL Reconstruction Protocol
Jason is a 25-year-old soccer player who sustained an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury 8 weeks ago and underwent surgical repair. Current therapy goals are to restore neuromuscular control and proprioception. Which exercise will BEST address these goals?
A) Open-chain knee extension exercises in sitting
B) Balance exercises on a wobble board
C) Prone hamstring curls
D) Passive range of motion of the knee
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Examination Findings & Congestive Heart Failure
Betty is 55-year-old female with a history of congestive heart failure who presents with complaints of dyspnea during moderate activities. She mentions that she has been sleeping with three pillows at night for comfort. Given this information, which clinical term best describes her sleeping condition?
A) Eupnea
B) Hyperpnea
C) Orthopnea
D) Apnea
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Cardiopulmonary Findings
Charese presents a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) performs a six-minute walk test. Which outcome, if observed during the test, would indicate an exacerbation or worsening of the patient's COPD?
A. Increased stride length
B. Decreased use of accessory muscles for breathing
C. A decrease in SpO2 below 90%
D. A decrease in respiratory rate
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Total Hip Arthoplasty Posterior Approach
Vicky is 67-year-old female with advanced osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total hip arthroplasty. The orthopedic surgeon decides on a posterior approach. Which of the following is the PRIMARY reason for utilizing a posterior approach during the procedure?
A. Minimize disruption to hip flexors
B. Provide better access to the acetabulum
C. Avoid risk to the sciatic nerve
D. Reduce surgical time
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Low Energy Hip Fracture
Jess is working with a patient who has sustained a low-energy hip fracture. These types of fractures are MOST common in which population?
A. High-performance athletes during intense training.
B. Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
C. Children between the ages of 5-10 years.
D. Middle-aged men during heavy weightlifting sessions.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Motor Vehicle Accident
Kemmie is a 48-year-old female patient, who was recently involved in a motor vehicle accident and presents with a T10 level spinal cord injury. In addition to bladder dysfunction and decreased sensation below the level of injury, she is MOST likely to exhibit which of the following?
A. Quadriplegia
B. Absent lower extremity reflexes
C. Absent sensation in C7 dermatome
D. Normal upper extremity strength
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Myocardial Infarction 2
Jerry presents with a history of myocardial infarction and reports experiencing chest pain during exercise. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate? A. Discontinue exercise immediately and refer the patient to a physician
B. Continue exercise at a reduced intensity level
C. Increase the duration of exercise to build endurance
D. Use resistance training to improve cardiac function
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Frequent Falls & Romberg
Heather is a 65-year-old patient being evaluated for balance issues and frequent falls. She exhibits a wide-based, unsteady gait and a positive Romberg test but shows no muscle weakness. What system impairment is most likely contributing to her balance problem?
A. Musculoskeletal System
B. Vestibular System
C. Visual System
D. Somatosensory System
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
Shoulder Limitations NPTE Favorite
Jimare presents with a rotator cuff injury with limitations into internal rotation passively but has full active external range of motion. Which of the following interventions is the MOST likely to be effective:
A. Stretching of internal rotators
B. Strengthening of internal rotators
C. Stretching of the external rotators
D. Anterior capsule stretching
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
- Are you looking for a bundle of Coach K’s Top MSK Cheatsheets? Look no further: www.nptecheatsheets.com
O2 Saturation
Jaquay is treating a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who complains of dyspnea during daily activities. The patient's SpO2 levels tend to drop below 88% with mild exertion. In addition to continuing with a general exercise program, which of the following interventions would be the MOST beneficial for this patient?
A. Instructing the patient in diaphragmatic breathing and pursed-lip breathing.
B. Encouraging the patient to hold their breath during activities to conserve oxygen.
C. Reducing the intensity of the exercise program to avoid any further dyspnea.
D. Training the patient in quick, shallow breathing to increase oxygen intake.
LINKS MENTIONED:
- Did you get this question wrong?! If you were stuck between two answers and selected the wrong one, then you need to visit www.NPTEPASS.com, to learn about the #1 solution to STOP getting stuck.
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Medications - Baclofen
Blane is reviewing a patient's electronic health record and notes that the patient has been prescribed baclofen. The therapist should understand that baclofen is primarily used for which of the following purposes?
A. Relief of skeletal muscle spasms
B. Increasing heart rate and blood pressure
C. Managing symptoms of Parkinson's disease
D. Lowering blood sugar levels
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Modified Ashworth Scale
Bethany is evaluating a patient with hemiplegia who has increased tone in the upper extremity. The therapist uses the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) to grade the patient's muscle spasticity. The therapist describes the patient's resistance to movement as a "more marked increase in tone, but limb easily flexed". According to the MAS, how would this patient's spasticity be graded?
A. 1
B. 1+
C. 2
D. 3
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Neural Function
Jesse presents with decreased sensation in the left leg and reports difficulty with dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot. Which of the following nerves is MOST likely affected? A. Femoral nerve B. Tibial nerve C. Common peroneal nerve D. Obturator nerve
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Total Hip Arthroplasy Precautions
Jess is treating an elderly female in the acute care setting who has just had an uncemented total hip arthroplasty via a posterior approach. Which of the following precautions should be instructed to the patient during the early postoperative period?
A. Avoid full weightbearing on the operated leg
B. Avoid external rotation of the hip
C. Avoid hip flexion
D. Avoid hip abduction
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Severe Headache Differential
Lani is a 15-year-old male who presents with sudden onset of severe headache, neck stiffness, photophobia and a fever. On examination, he has both Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?
A. Meningitis
B. Migraine headache
C. Cluster headache
D. Tension headache
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MSK Special Tests
Wei presents with severe pain and swelling in her knee after a fall. The therapist performs a diagnostic test for a medial meniscus tear, which results in the patient experiencing pain and clicking. Which of the following tests is MOST appropriate for confirming a medial meniscus tear?
A) McMurray test
B) Lachman test
C) Anterior drawer test
D) Posterior drawer test
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Parkinson's Disease Treatment
Madison is treating a patient with Parkinson's disease who is experiencing gait dysfunction. The therapist decides to incorporate rhythmical auditory stimulation (RAS) into the treatment plan. Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding the use of RAS in treating gait dysfunction in a patient with Parkinson's disease?
A. RAS is contraindicated in patients with Parkinson's disease
B. RAS has been shown to be effective in improving gait in a patient with Parkinson's disease
C. RAS is only effective in patients with advanced stages of Parkinson's disease
D. RAS has no effect on gait dysfunction in a patient with Parkinson's disease
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Rotator Cuff Tear Interventions
Kofi is a physical therapist treating a patient with an acute rotator cuff tear. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate for improving the range of motion in this patient?
A) Eccentric strengthening exercises
B) Passive range of motion exercises
C) Isometric strengthening exercises
D) Active range of motion exercises
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Neural Symptoms
Jackson presents with complaints of numbness and tingling throughout their right hand. The therapist performs a neural tension test on the patient, which reproduces the patient's symptoms. Which of the following is MOST likely involved?
A) Median nerve
B) Ulnar nerve
C) Radial nerve
D) Brachial plexus
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